Order of the President of the People's Republic of China
(No.12)
The Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China, which was adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on May 11, 1984, is hereby promulgated and shall enter into force from November 1, 1984.
President of the People's Republic of China, Li Xiannian
May 11, 1984
Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on May 11, 1984; and promulgated by Order No.12 of the President of the People's Republic of China on May 11, 1984)
| | 中华人民共和国主席令
（第十二号）
《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议于一九八四年五月十一日通过，现予公布，自一九八四年十一月一日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 李先念
一九八四年五月十一日
中华人民共和国水污染防治法
（一九八四年五月十一日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议通过 一九八四年五月十一日中华人民共和国主席令第十二号公布）
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CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
| | 第一章 总则
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Article 1. This Law is formulated for the purpose of preventing and controlling water pollution, protecting and improving the environment, safeguarding human health, ensuring the effective use of water resources and facilitating the development of the socialist modernization.
| | 第一条 为防治水污染，保护和改善环境，以保障人体健康，保证水资源的有效利用，促进社会主义现代化建设的发展，特制定本法。
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Article 2. This Law shall apply to the prevention and control of pollution of rivers, lakes, canals, irrigation channels, reservoirs and other surface water bodies, and of groundwater within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
This Law is not applicable to the prevention and control of marine pollution, which is provided for by a separate law.
| | 第二条 本法适用于中华人民共和国领域内的江河、湖泊、运河、渠道、水库等地表水体以及地下水体的污染防治。
海洋污染防治另由法律规定，不适用本法。
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Article 3. Competent departments under the State Council and local people's governments at various levels shall incorporate the protection of the water environment into their plans and adopt ways and measures to prevent and control water pollution.
| | 第三条 国务院有关部门和地方各级人民政府，必须将水环境保护工作纳入计划，采取防治水污染的对策和措施。
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Article 4. The environmental protection departments of the people's governments at all levels shall be the organs exercising unified supervision and management of the prevention and control of water pollution.
Navigation administrative offices of transportation departments at various levels shall be the organs exercising supervision and management of pollution from ships.
Water conservancy administration departments, public health administration departments, geological and mining departments, municipal administration departments, and water sources protection agencies on major rivers of people's governments at various levels shall, through performing their respective functions and in conjunction with environmental protection departments, implement supervision and management of the prevention and control of water pollution.
| | 第四条 各级人民政府的环境保护部门是对水污染防治实施统一监督管理的机关。
各级交通部门的航政机关是对船舶污染实施监督管理的机关。
各级人民政府的水利管理部门、卫生行政部门、地质矿产部门、市政管理部门、重要江河的水源保护机构，结合各自的职责，协同环境保护部门对水污染防治实施监督管理。
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Article 5. All units and individuals shall have the duty to protect the water environment and the right to supervise any act that pollutes or damages the water environment and to inform against the polluter.
Any unit or individual that has suffered losses directly from a water pollution hazard shall have the right to claim damages from and demand the elimination of the hazard by the polluter.
| | 第五条 一切单位和个人都有责任保护水环境，并有权对污染损害水环境的行为进行监督和检举。
因水污染危害直接受到损失的单位和个人，有权要求致害者排除危害和赔偿损失。
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CHAPTER II ESTABLISHMENT OF WATER ENVIRONMENT QUALITY STANDARDS AND POLLUTION DISCHARGE STANDARDS
| | 第二章 水环境质量标准和污染物排放标准的制定
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Article 6. The environmental protection department of the State Council shall establish national water environment quality standards.
The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their own local, supplementary standards for those items not specified in the national water environment quality standards and report the same to the environmental protection department of the State Council for the record.
| | 第六条 国务院环境保护部门制定国家水环境质量标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以对国家水环境质量标准中未规定的项目，制定地方补充标准，并报国务院环境保护部门备案。
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Article 7. The environmental protection department of the State Council shall, in accordance with the national water environment quality standards and the country's economic and technological conditions, establish national pollutant discharge standards.
Where the implementation of the national pollutant discharge standards cannot ensure the attainment of the water environment quality standards for local water bodies, the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish local pollutant discharge standards which are more stringent than the national standards and report the same to the environmental protection department of the State Council for the record.
Those who discharge pollutants into any water body where local pollutant discharge standards have been established shall observe such local standards.
| | 第七条 国务院环境保护部门根据国家水环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件，制定国家污染物排放标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对执行国家污染物排放标准不能保证达到水环境质量标准的水体，可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准，并报国务院环境保护部门备案。
凡是向已有地方污染物排放标准的水体排放污染物的，应当执行地方污染物排放标准。
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Article 8. The environmental protection department of the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions,and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall amend in due time their respective water environment quality standards and pollutant discharge standards in accordance with the requirements of water pollution prevention and control and with the country's economic and technological conditions.
| | 第八条 国务院环境保护部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，应当根据水污染防治的要求和国家经济、技术条件，适时修订水环境质量标准和污染物排放标准。
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CHAPTER III SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION
| | 第三章 水污染防治的监督管理
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Article 9. Competent departments under the State Council and local people's governments at various levels shall, in the process of developing, utilizing, regulating and allocating water resources, make integrated plans for maintaining proper river flows, proper water levels of lakes and reservoirs and proper groundwater tables, in order to sustain the natural purification capacity of water bodies.
| | 第九条 国务院有关部门和地方各级人民政府在开发、利用和调节、调度水资源的时候，应当统筹兼顾，维护江河的合理流量和湖泊、水库以及地下水体的合理水位，维护水体的自然净化能力。
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Article 10. Competent departments under the State Council and local people's governments at various levels shall incorporate into their plans of municipal construction the protection of urban water sources and the prevention and control of urban water pollution, by constructing and perfecting municipal drainage systems and sewage treatment facilities.
| | 第十条 国务院有关部门和地方各级人民政府必须把保护城市水源和防治城市水污染纳入城市建设规划，建设和完善城市排水管网和污水处理设施。
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Article 11. Competent departments under the State Council and local people's governments at various levels shall make rational plans for the placement of industry, and see to it that enterprises causing water pollution are modified and technically renovated, adopting comprehensive prevention and control measures, raising the frequency of water reuse, utilizing resources rationally and reducing the quantity of waste water and pollutants discharged.
| | 第十一条 国务院有关部门和地方各级人民政府应当合理规划工业布局，对造成水污染的企业进行整顿和技术改造，采取综合防治措施，提高水的重复利用率，合理利用资源，减少废水和污染物排放量。
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Article 12. For domestic and drinking water sources, water bodies at scenic or historic sites, important fishery water bodies and other water bodies of special economic or cultural value, people's governments at or above the county level may delineate protected zones and take measures to ensure that the water quality in those protected zones complies with the standards for their designated uses.
| | 第十二条 县级以上人民政府可以对生活饮用水源地、风景名胜区水体、重要渔业水体和其他具有特殊经济文化价值的水体，划定保护区，并采取措施，保证保护区的水质符合规定用途的水质标准。
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Article 13. New construction projects, extensions, or reconstruction projects which discharge pollutants into water bodies directly or indirectly and installations on water shall be subject to the state provisions concerning environmental protection for such projects.
The environmental impact statement of a construction project shall assess the water pollution hazards the project is likely to produce and its impact on the ecosystem, with prevention and control measures provided therein; the statement shall be submitted, according to the specified procedure, to the environmental protection department concerned for review and approval. The setting up of sewage outfalls within any water conservancy projects such as canals, irrigation channels and reservoirs shall be approved by the relevant department in charge of water conservancy.
When a construction project is to be put into operation or to use, its water pollution prevention and control facilities must be inspected by the environmental protection department; if the facilities do not conform to the specified requirements, the said project shall not be permitted to be put into operation or to use.
| | 第十三条 新建、扩建、改建直接或者间接向水体排放污染物的建设项目和其他水上设施，必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。
建设项目的环境影响报告书，必须对建设项目可能产生的水污染和对生态环境的影响作出评价，规定防治的措施，按照规定的程序报经有关环境保护部门审查批准。在运河、渠道、水库等水利工程内设置排污口，应当经过有关水利工程管理部门同意。
建设项目投入生产或者使用的时候，其水污染防治设施必须经过环境保护部门检验，达不到规定要求的，该建设项目不准投入生产或者使用。
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Article 14. Enterprises and institutions that discharge pollutants directly or indirectly into a water body shall, pursuant to the provisions of the environmental protection department of the State Council, report to and register with their local environmental protection department their existing treatment and discharge facilities for pollutants, the categories, quantities and concentrations of pollutants discharged under their normal operating conditions and also submit to the same department the relevant technical information concerning the prevention and control of water pollution.
Enterprises and institutions shall report in time if any substantial change occur in the categories, quantities or concentrations of the pollutants discharged. When pollutant treatment facilities are to be dismantled or left idle permission from the local environmental protection department must be obtained.
| | 第十四条 直接或者间接向水体排放污染物的企业事业单位，应当按照国务院环境保护部门的规定，向所在地的环境保护部门申报登记拥有的污染物排放设施、处理设施和在正常作业条件下排放污染物的种类、数量和浓度，并提供防治水污染方面的有关技术资料。
排放污染物的种类、数量和浓度有重大改变的，应当及时申报。拆除或者闲置污染物处理设施的，应当提前申报，并征得所在地的环境保护部门的同意。
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Article 15. Enterprises and institutions discharging pollutants into a water body shall pay a discharge fee as provided for by the state. If the discharge of pollutants exceeds the limits set by national or local standards, they shall pay a fee for excess discharge according to state provisions and shall assure responsibility to eliminate and control the pollution.
| | 第十五条 企业事业单位向水体排放污染物的，按照国家规定缴纳排污费；超过国家或者地方规定的污染物排放标准的，按照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费，并负责治理。
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Article 16. If a unit discharging pollutants that have caused severe pollution of a water body, it shall be ordered to eliminate and control the pollution within a certain period.
For enterprises and institutions directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government or the people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government, the determination of a deadline for elimination or control of pollution shall be recommended by the environmental protection department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality, and be reported to the people's government at the corresponding level for decision. For enterprises and institutions under the jurisdiction of a people's government at or below the city or county level, such recommendation shall be made by the environmental protection department of the people's government at the corresponding level for decision. The pollutant discharging units shall accomplish the elimination or control of pollution within the specified period.
| | 第十六条 对造成水体严重污染的排污单位，限期治理。
中央或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府直接管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的环境保护部门提出意见，报同级人民政府决定。市、县或者市、县以下人民政府管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由市、县人民政府的环境保护部门提出意见，报同级人民政府决定。排污单位应当如期完成治理任务。
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Article 17. In case of emergency, such as the severe pollution of a domestic and drinking water source which threatens safe water supply, the relevant environmental protection department shall, with the approval of the people's government at the corresponding level, take compulsory emergency measures, including those of ordering the enterprises or institutions concerned to reduce or stop the discharge of pollutants.
| | 第十七条 在生活饮用水源受到严重污染，威胁供水安全等紧急情况下，环境保护部门应当报经同级人民政府批准，采取强制性的应急措施，包括责令有关企业事业单位减少或者停止排放污染物。
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Article 18. Environmental protection departments and relevant supervisory and management departments of people's governments at various levels shall be empowered to make on-site inspections of units under their jurisdiction that discharge pollutants. The units being inspected shall report the situation truthfully and provide the necessary information. The inspecting authorities shall have the obligation to keep the technological and trade secrets of the units inspected.
| | 第十八条 各级人民政府的环境保护部门和有关的监督管理部门，有权对管辖范围内的排污单位进行现场检查，被检查的单位必须如实反映情况，提供必要的资料。检查机关有责任为被检查的单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
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CHAPTER IV PREVENTION OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION
| | 第四章 防止地表水污染
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Article 19. No new sewage outfalls shall be set up in the protected zones for domestic and drinking water sources, water bodies at scenic or historic sites, important fishery water bodies and other water bodies of special economic or cultural value. When new sewage outfalls are set up in the vicinity of such protected zones, the water bodies within those zones must be ensured against pollution.
Measures for the elimination or control of pollution shall be taken for any sewage outfall which was established before the promulgation of this Law and which discharges pollutants in excess of the limits set by national or local standards. Outfalls endangering drinking water sources shall be relocated.
| | 第十九条 在生活饮用水源地、风景名胜区水体、重要渔业水体和其他有特殊经济文化价值的水体的保护区内，不得新建排污口。在保护区附近新建排污口，必须保证保护区水体不受污染。
本法公布前已有的排污口，排放污染物超过国家或者地方标准的，应当治理；危害饮用水源的排污口，应当搬迁。
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Article 20. Where any pollutant discharging unit, as a result of an accident or other exigency, discharges pollutants in excess of normal quantities, thereby causing or threatening to cause a water pollution accident, it shall immediately take emergency measures, inform such units as are likely to be endangered or damaged by the water pollution and report the case to the local environmental protection department. Ships that have caused any pollution accident shall report the case to the nearest navigation administration office for its investigation and disposal.
| | 第二十条 排污单位发生事故或者其他突然性事件，排放污染物超过正常排放量，造成或者可能造成水污染事故的，必须立即采取应急措施，通报可能受到水污染危害和损害的单位，并向当地环境保护部门报告。船舶造成污染事故的，应当向就近的航政机关报告，接受调查处理。
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Article 21. The discharge of any oil, acid or alkaline solutions, or deadly toxic liquid waste into any water body shall be prohibited.
| | 第二十一条 禁止向水体排放油类、酸液、碱液或者剧毒废液。
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Article 22. The washing in any water body of vehicles or containers which have been used for storing oil or toxic pollutant shall be prohibited.
| | 第二十二条 禁止在水体清洗装贮过油类或者有毒污染物的车辆和容器。
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Article 23. The discharge or dumping into any water body, or the direct underground burying of deadly toxic soluble slag, tailings, etc., containing such substances as mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, lead, cyanide and yellow phosphorus, is prohibited.
Sites for depositing deadly toxic soluble slag, tailings, etc. shall be made waterproof and protected against seepage and leaking.
| | 第二十三条 禁止将含有汞、镉、砷、铬、铅、氰化物、黄磷等的可溶性剧毒废渣向水体排放、倾倒或者直接埋入地下。
存放可溶性剧毒废渣的场所，必须采取防水、防渗漏、防流失的措施。
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Article 24. The discharge or dumping of industrial waste residues, urban refuse or other wastes into any water body shall be prohibited.
| | 第二十四条 禁止向水体排放、倾倒工业废渣、城市垃圾和其他废弃物。
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Article 25. The piling or depositing of solid wastes and other pollutants on beaches and bank slopes below the highest water level of rivers, lakes, canals, irrigation channels and reservoirs shall be prohibited.
| | 第二十五条 禁止在江河、湖泊、运河、渠道、水库最高水位线以下的滩地和岸坡堆放、存贮固体废弃物和其他污染物。
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Article 26. The discharge or dumping of radioactive solid wastes or of waste water containing any high- or medium- level radioactive substances into any water body shall be prohibited.
The discharge of waste water containing low-level radioactive substances shall comply with the relevant national provisions and standards for radioactive protection.
| | 第二十六条 禁止向水体排放或者倾倒放射性固体废弃物或者含有高放射性和中放射性物质的废水。
向水体排放含低放射性物质的废水，必须符合国家有关放射防护的规定和标准。
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Article 27. Where discharge of heated waste water into any water body is to be made, measures shall be taken to ensure that the temperature of the water body conforms to the water environment quality standards, so as to prevent any heat pollution hazard.
| | 第二十七条 向水体排放含热废水，应当采取措施，保证水体的水温符合水环境质量标准，防止热污染危害。
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Article 28. Pathogen-contaminated sewage can be discharged only after it is disinfected to meet the relevant national standards.
| | 第二十八条 排放含病原体的污水，必须经过消毒处理； 符合国家有关标准后，方准排放。
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Article 29. The discharge of industrial waste water or urban sewage into agricultural irrigation channels shall only be made with the assurance that the water quality at the nearest irrigation intake downstream conforms to the agricultural irrigation water quality standards.
When industrial waste water or urban sewage is used for irrigation, attention shall be paid to guarding against pollution of the soil, groundwater or agricultural products.
| | 第二十九条 向农田灌溉渠道排放工业废水和城市污水，应当保证其下游最近的灌溉取水点的水质符合农田灌溉水质标准。
利用工业废水和城市污水进行灌溉，应当防止污染土壤、地下水和农产品。
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Article 30. The application of pesticides shall comply with the state provisions and standards for their safe use.
Transportation and storage of pesticides and disposal of expired or ineffective pesticides shall be strictly controlled to prevent water pollution.
| | 第三十条 使用农药，应当符合国家有关农药安全使用的规定和标准。
运输、存贮农药和处置过期失效农药，必须加强管理，防止造成水污染。
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Article 31. The discharge of oil-bearing waste water or domestic sew age from ships shall comply with ship pollutant discharge standards. Ocean navigating ships, on entering inland rivers or harbours, shall observe ship pollutant discharge standards for inland rivers.
Residual oil or waste oil of ships must be recovered, and its discharge into any water body shall be prohibited.
The dumping of ship refuse into any water body shall be prohibited.
In the process of loading and transporting oils or toxic cargoes, ships must be safeguarded against spillage and leakage and against such cargoes falling into the water, so as to prevent water pollution therefrom.
| | 第三十一条 船舶排放含油污水、生活污水，必须符合船舶污染物排放标准。从事海洋航运的船舶，进入内河和港口的，应当遵守内河的船舶污染物排放标准。
船舶的残油、废油必须回收，禁止排入水体。
禁止向水体倾倒船舶垃圾。
船舶装载运输油类或者有毒货物，必须采取防止溢流和渗漏的措施，防止货物落水造成水污染。
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CHAPTER V PREVENTION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION
| | 第五章 防止地下水污染
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Article 32. Enterprises and institutions shall be prohibited from discharging waste water containing toxic pollutants or pathogens or dumping other wastes into seepage wells, cesspools, crevices or karst caves.
| | 第三十二条 禁止企业事业单位利用渗井、渗坑、裂隙和溶洞排放、倾倒含有毒污染物的废水、含病原体的污水和其他废弃物。
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Article 33. At places where no satisfactory impervious strata exist, enterprises and institutions shall be prohibited from using ditches, pits or ponds which are without safeguards against seepage for conveyance or storage of waste water containing toxic pollutants or pathogens, or of other wastes.
| | 第三十三条 在无良好隔渗地层，禁止企业事业单位使用无防止渗漏措施的沟渠、坑塘等输送或者存贮含有毒污染物的废水、含病原体的污水和其他废弃物。
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Article 34. In exploiting groundwater from multiple aquifers, layered exploitation shall be resorted to if water quality differs greatly from one aquifer to another. Combined exploitation of artesian water and polluted phreatic water shall not be permitted.
| | 第三十四条 在开采多层地下水的时候，如果各含水层的水质差异大，应当分层开采；对已受污染的潜水和承压水，不得混合开采。
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Article 35. While constructing underground engineering facilities or carrying out prospecting, mining or other underground activities, protective measures shall be taken for prevention of groundwater pollution.
| | 第三十五条 兴建地下工程设施或者进行地下勘探、采矿等活动，应当采取防护性措施，防止地下水污染。
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Article 36. Artificial recharge of groundwater shall not be deleterious to groundwater quality.
| | 第三十六条 人工回灌补给地下水，不得恶化地下水质。
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CHAPTER VI LEGAL LIABILITY
| | 第六章 法律责任
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Article 37. Any violator of this Law shall, according to the circumstances of the case, be warned or fined by the competent environmental protection department or the navigation office of the competent transportations department for any of the following:
| | 第三十七条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，环境保护部门或者交通部门的航政机关可以根据不同情节，给予警告或者处以罚款：
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(1) refusing to report or submitting a false report on items for which registration is required by the environmental protection department of the State Council for the discharge of pollutants;
| | （一）拒报或者谎报国务院环境保护部门规定的有关污染物排放申报登记事项的；
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(2) putting into operation or to use a construction project whose water pollution control facilities either have not been completed or fail to meet the requirements specified in state provisions for environmental protection management for construction projects;
| | （二）建设项目的水污染防治设施没有建成或者没有达到国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定的要求，投入生产或者使用的；
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(3) refusing an on-site inspection by the competent environmental protection department or supervisory and management department, or resorting to deception;
| | （三）拒绝环境保护部门或者有关的监督管理部门现场检查，或者弄虚作假的；
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(4) storing, piling, abandoning, dumping or discharging any pollutant or waste in violation of CHAPTERs IV and V of this Law; or
| | （四）违反本法第四章、第五章有关规定，贮存、堆放、弃置、倾倒、排放污染物、废弃物的；
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(5) failing to pay, as provided for by the state, the fee for pollutant discharge or for excess discharge.
The amount of the fine and the procedure for its imposition shall be stipulated in the rules for the implementation of this Law.
| | （五）不按国家规定缴纳排污费或者超标准排污费的。
罚款的办法和数额由本法实施细则规定。
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Article 38. An enterprise or institution which has caused severe pollution to water bodies but has failed to accomplish its elimination by the deadline as required shall, as provided for by the state, pay twice or more the fee for excess discharge; in addition, a fine may be imposed in accordance with the consequent damage and loss, or the said enterprise or institution may be ordered to suspend operations or close down.
The fine shall be decided by the competent environmental protection department. Orders for the suspension of operations or the shutdown of enterprises and institutions shall be issued by the local people's government which set the deadline for the elimination of pollution. Orders for their suspension of operations or shutdown of enterprises and institutions under the jurisdiction of the Central Government be submitted to and approved by the State Council.
| | 第三十八条 造成水体严重污染的企业事业单位，经限期治理，逾期未完成治理任务的，除按照国家规定征收两倍以上的超标准排污费外，可以根据所造成的危害和损失处以罚 款，或者责令其停业或者关闭。
罚款由环境保护部门决定。责令企业事业单位停业或者关闭，由作出限期治理决定的地方人民政府决定；责令中央直接管辖的企业事业单位停业或者关闭的，须报经国务院批准。
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Article 39. An enterprise or institution which violates this Law, there by causing a water pollution accident, shall be fined by the competent environmental protection department or the navigation office of the competent transportation department in accordance with the consequent damage and loss. In a serious case, the persons responsible shall be subject to administrative sanction by the unit to which they belong or by a higher competent authority.
| | 第三十九条 违反本法规定，造成水污染事故的企业事业单位，由环境保护部门或者交通部门的航政机关根据所造成的危害和损失处以罚款；情节较重的，对有关责任人员，由所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分。
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Article 40. A party refusing to accept the decision of administrative sanction may bring a suit before a people's court within 15 days from the date of receiving the notification. If upon the expiration of the period the party neither brings a suit nor complies with the decision, the organ which imposed the sanction may apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement.
| | 第四十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在收到通知之日起十五天内，向人民法院起诉；期满不起诉又不履行的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
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Article 41. The unit which has caused a water pollution hazard has the responsibility to eliminate it and make compensation to the unit or individual that suffers direct losses.
A dispute over liability to make compensation or the amount of compensation may, at the request of the parties, be settled by the competent environmental protection department or by the navigation office of the competent communications department. If a party refuses to accept the decision, he may bring a suit before a people's court. The party may also bring a suit before the people's court directly.
If the water pollution losses are caused by a third party intentionally or negligently, the third party shall be liable to make compensation.
The unit discharging pollutants shall bear no liability for water pollution losses occasioned by the victim's own fault.
| | 第四十一条 造成水污染危害的单位，有责任排除危害，并对直接受到损失的单位或者个人赔偿损失。
赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷，可以根据当事人的请求，由环境保护部门或者交通部门的航政机关处理；当事人对处理决定不服的，可以向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
水污染损失由第三者故意或者过失所引起的，第三者应当承担责任。
水污染损失由受害者自身的责任所引起的，排污单位不承担责任。
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Article 42. If water pollution losses result entirely from irresistible natural disasters which cannot be averted even after reasonable measures have been promptly taken, the party concerned shall be exempted from liability.
| | 第四十二条 完全由于不可抗拒的自然灾害，并经及时采取合理措施，仍然不能避免造成水污染损失的，免予承担责任。
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Article 43. Should any violation of this Law give rise to a serious water pollution accident leading to any grave consequence of heavy public or private property losses or serious personal injury or death, the person responsible for such violation may be investigated for criminal liability by application of Article 115 or 187 of the Criminal Law.
| | 第四十三条 违反本法规定，造成重大水污染事故，导致公私财产重大损失或者人身伤亡的严重后果的，对有关责任人员可以比照刑法第一百一十五条或者第一百八十七条的规定，追究刑事责任。
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CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 第七章 附则
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Article 44. For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:
| | 第四十四条 本法中下列用语的含义是：
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(1) " Water pollution " means the introduction into a water body of any substance which alters the chemical, physical, biological or radioactive properties of the water in such a way as to affect its effective use, endanger human health, damage the ecosystem or be deleterious to water quality.
| | （一）“水污染”是指水体因某种物质的介入，而导致其化学、物理、生物或者放射性等方面特性的改变，从而影响水的有效利用，危害人体健康或者破坏生态环境，造成水质恶化的现象。
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(2) " Pollutant " means a substance that is capable of causing water pollution.
| | （二）“污染物”是指能导致水污染的物质。
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(3) " Toxic pollutant " means a pollutant that, when ingested by organisms directly or indirectly, leads to diseases, abnormal behaviour, genetic mutation, physiological functional disturbance, organism deformity or death of the organisms themselves or their offspring.
| | （三）“有毒污染物”是指那些直接或者间接为生物摄入体内后，导致该生物或者其后代发病、行为反常、遗传异变、生理机能失常、机体变形或者死亡的污染物。
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(4) " Oil " means any kind of oil or its refined products.
| | （四）“油类”是指任何类型的油及其炼制品。
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(5) " Fishery water bodies " means those parts of water bodies designated for the spawning, feeding, wintering or migratory passage of fish or shrimp, and for breeding fish, shrimp shellfish or growing algae.
| | （五）“渔业水体”是指划定的鱼虾类的产卵场、索饵场、越冬场、回游通道和鱼虾贝藻类的养殖场。
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Article 45. The environmental protection department of the State Council shall, on the basis of this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall be put into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
| | 第四十五条 国务院环境保护部门根据本法制定实施细则，报国务院批准后施行。
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| Article 46. This Law shall come into force on November 1, 1984. | | 第四十六条 本法自一九八四年十一月一日起施行。
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