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Guiding Case No. 74 of the Supreme People's Court: Jiangsu Branch of Ping An Property Insurance Company of China v. Jiangsu Zhenjiang Installation Group Co., Ltd. (Case about disputes over insurer's subrogation)
指导案例74号:中国平安财产保险股份有限公司江苏分公司诉江苏镇江安装集团有限公司保险人代位求偿权纠纷案
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Guiding Case No. 74 of the Supreme People's Court: Jiangsu Branch of Ping An Property Insurance Company of China v. Jiangsu Zhenjiang Installation Group Co., Ltd. 

指导案例74号:中国平安财产保险股份有限公司江苏分公司诉江苏镇江安装集团有限公司保险人代位求偿权纠纷案 

(Issued on December 28, 2016 as deliberated and adopted by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court) (最高人民法院审判委员会讨论通过2016年12月28日发布)

Keywords: 【关键词】
civil; insurance subrogation; property insurance contract; damage caused by a third party to the subject matter insured; breach of contract  民事/保险代位求偿权/财产保险合同/第三者对保险标的的损害/违约行为
Key Points of Judgment 裁判要点】  
Where any damage is caused to the subject matter insured of the insured by the breach of contract of a third party, it may be determined that it falls under the circumstance of “damage to the subject matter insured caused by a third party” as prescribed in paragraph 1 of Article 60 of the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China. If the insurer subrogates the insured's claim for indemnity against the third party according to the law, the people's court should uphold the insurer's subrogation. 因第三者的违约行为给被保险人的保险标的造成损害的,可以认定为属于《中华人民共和国保险法》第六十条第一款规定的“第三者对保险标的的损害”的情形。保险人由此依法向第三者行使代位求偿权的,人民法院应予支持。
Legal Provisions 相关法条】 
Paragraph 1 of Article 60 of the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国保险法》第60条第1款
Basic Facts 基本案情】  
On October 28, 2008, the insured, Huadong United Can Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Huadong Can Company”) and No. 2 Huadong United Can Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “No. 2 Huadong Can Company”) and defendant, Jiangsu Zhenjiang Installation Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Zhenjiang Installation Company”) concluded a Construction Contract for a Construction Project (hereinafter referred to as the “Construction Contract”), which stipulated that Zhenjiang Installation Company should be responsible for the relocation and installation of the insured's whole-plant machinery equipment. Clause 38 of Part 2 “General Terms and Conditions” of the Construction Contract stipulated that “Where the contractor subcontracts part of the project it contracts in accordance with the provisions of the “Special Terms and Conditions” and concludes a subcontract with the subcontractor, without the approval of the employer, the contractor may not subcontract any part of the project it contracts”; “the subcontracting of the project cannot exempt the contractor from any liability and obligation. The contractor shall dispatch corresponding management personnel to the subcontract site, so as to guarantee the performance of the Contract. Where any breach of contract or negligence of the subcontractor causes damage to the project or other loss to the employer, the contractor shall assume the joint and several liabilities.” Item (1) of Clause 14 of Part 3 “Special Terms and Conditions” of the Construction Contract stipulated that “The contractor may not subcontract the project for construction.” Clause 40 of “General Terms and Conditions” stipulated that “Before the commencement of the project, the employer shall underwrite insurance for the lives and properties of its own staff members and personnel from a third party involved in the construction project and on the construction site, and pay the insurance premiums”; “the employer shall underwrite insurance for materials transported to the construction site for the project and equipment to be installed, and pay the insurance premiums”; “the employer may entrust the contractor with handling the relevant insurance matters, with expenses borne by the employer”; “the contractor must underwrite accident insurance for employees engaging in dangerous work, underwrite insurance for the lives and properties of its own staff members and the construction machinery equipment on the construction site, and pay the insurance premiums.” 2008年10月28日,被保险人华东联合制罐有限公司(以下简称华东制罐公司)、华东联合制罐第二有限公司(以下简称华东制罐第二公司)与被告江苏镇江安装集团有限公司(以下简称镇江安装公司)签订《建设工程施工合同》,约定由镇江安装公司负责被保险人整厂机器设备迁建安装等工作。《建设工程施工合同》第二部分“通用条款”第38条约定:“承包人按专用条款的约定分包所承包的部分工程,并与分包单位签订分包合同,未经发包人同意,承包人不得将承包工程的任何部分分包”;“工程分包不能解除承包人任何责任与义务。承包人应在分包场地派驻相应管理人员,保证本合同的履行。分包单位的任何违约行为或疏忽导致工程损害或给发包人造成其他损失,承包人承担连带责任”。《建设工程施工合同》第三部分“专用条款”第14条第(1)项约定“承包人不得将本工程进行分包施工”。“通用条款”第40条约定:“工程开工前,发包人为建设工程和施工场地内的自有人员及第三人人员生命财产办理保险,支付保险费用”;“运至施工场地内用于工程的材料和待安装设备,由发包人办理保险,并支付保险费用”;“发包人可以将有关保险事项委托承包人办理,费用由发包人承担”;“承包人必须为从事危险作业的职工办理意外伤害保险,并为施工场地内自有人员生命财产和施工机械设备办理保险,支付保险费用”。
On November 16, 2008, Zhenjiang Installation Company and Zhenjiang Yamin Heavy Lifting & Transportation Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Yamin Transportation Company”) concluded a Contract on Project Subcontracting, in which the lifting and transportation of equipment as mentioned in the aforesaid Construction Contract were subcontracted to Yamin Transportation Company. On November 20, 2008, Huadong Can Company and No. 2 Huadong Can Company covered all-risk insurance for installation for the project of installing the aforesaid whole-plant relocated equipment with Jiangsu Branch of Ping An Property Insurance Company of China (hereinafter referred to as “Ping An Property Insurance Company”). It was recorded in the insurance policy that the insured included Huadong Can Company and No. 2 Can Company and it was also specified that the contractor Zhenjiang Installation Company was not the insured. It was specified in the column “Insured Item of Material Damage and Insured Amount” in the insurance policy that “The insured amount of installation items was CNY 177,465,335.56.” In the additional insurance, “Inland Transportation Extension Clause A” was also covered and it was stipulated that the ceiling of indemnity for property damage in each accident was CNY 2 million and the insurance term was from November 20, 2008 to July 31, 2009. The list of machinery equipment to be installed was attached to the insurance policy, including two Sequa color presses with the original value of CNY 29,894,340.88 in total. In the insurance clauses attached to the insurance policy, “Inland Transportation Extension Clause A” was described as follows: With the mutual consent of both parties, considering that the insured has paid the additional insurance premiums as agreed, the insurance company should be responsible for compensating for damages to the insured properties of the insured in the inland transportation (except water transportation and air transportation) from the delivery place to the construction site as listed in the insurance policy within the territory of the People's Republic of China caused by any natural disaster or accident, but the insured properties must have proper packing and loading in transportation. 2008年11月16日,镇江安装公司与镇江亚民大件起重有限公司(以下简称亚民运输公司)公司签订《工程分包合同》,将前述合同中的设备吊装、运输分包给亚民运输公司。2008年11月20日,就上述整厂迁建设备安装工程,华东制罐公司、华东制罐第二公司向中国平安财产保险股份有限公司江苏分公司(以下简称平安财险公司)投保了安装工程一切险。投保单中记载被保险人为华东制罐公司及华东制罐第二公司,并明确记载承包人镇江安装公司不是被保险人。投保单“物质损失投保项目和投保金额”栏载明“安装项目投保金额为177465335.56元”。附加险中,还投保有“内陆运输扩展条款A”,约定每次事故财产损失赔偿限额为200万元。投保期限从2008年11月20日起至2009年7月31日止。投保单附有被安装机器设备的清单,其中包括:SEQUA彩印机2台,合计原值为29894340.88元。投保单所附保险条款中,对“内陆运输扩展条款A”作如下说明:经双方同意,鉴于被保险人已按约定交付了附加的保险费,保险公司负责赔偿被保险人的保险财产在中华人民共和国境内供货地点到保险单中列明的工地,除水运和空运以外的内陆运输途中因自然灾害或意外事故引起的损失,但被保险财产在运输时必须有合格的包装及装载。
Around 10:30 on December 19, 2008, Jiang Yucai, a driver of Yamin Transportation Company, drove a heavy tractor semi-trailer (Su L06069 and Su L003 Gua), carrying the color presses from the old plant area to the new plant area. On the way, when the tractor semi-trailer made a turn, the steel wire ropes on it were broken and the color presses were damaged after they overturned and slipped off to the ground. After receiving the report on the accident, Ping An Property Insurance Company determined a list of damaged subject matter. Upon on-site survey, the traffic patrol police detachment of the Public Security Bureau of Zhenjiang City determined that Jiang Yucai was fully liable for the accident. Afterwards, Huadong Can Company, No. 2 Huadong Can Company, Ping An Property Insurance Company, Zhenjiang Installation Company, and Yamin Transportation Company jointly entrusted Fanhua Insurance Assessment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Fanhua Assessment Company”) with conducting an assessment of the accident loss and they all accepted the final adjustment results made by Fanhua Assessment Company. On March 9, 2010, Fanhua Assessment Company issued an assessment report with the conclusion that: The reason for the accident occurred was the overturn of equipment in transit (which was an accident); the liability in the insurance policy was established; the total loss in the loss assessment amounted to CNY 1,518,431.32 and the net loss amounted to CNY 1,498,431.32; and the adjustment amount was CNY 1,498,431.32. Fanhua Assessment Company charged the assessment expenses of CNY 47,900 paid by Ping An Property Insurance Company. 2008年12月19日10时30分许,亚民运输公司驾驶员姜玉才驾驶苏L06069、苏L003挂重型半挂车,从旧厂区承运彩印机至新厂区的途中,在转弯时车上钢丝绳断裂,造成彩印机侧翻滑落地面损坏。平安财险公司接险后,对受损标的确定了清单。经镇江市公安局交通巡逻警察支队现场查勘,认定姜玉才负事故全部责任。后华东制罐公司、华东制罐第二公司、平安财险公司、镇江安装公司及亚民运输公司共同委托泛华保险公估有限公司(以下简称泛华公估公司)对出险事故损失进行公估,并均同意认可泛华公估公司的最终理算结果。2010年3月9日,泛华公估公司出具了公估报告,结论:出险原因系设备运输途中翻落(意外事故);保单责任成立;定损金额总损1518431.32元、净损1498431.32元;理算金额1498431.32元。泛华公估公司收取了平安财险公司支付的47900元公估费用。
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