| | *注：本篇法规已被修订，新法规名称为《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》（发布日期：2008年12月27日 实施日期：2009年5月1日）
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ORDER OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(No. 94)
The Law of the People's Republic of China on Protecting Against and
Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, adopted at the 29th Meeting of the
Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the
People's Republic of China on December 29, 1997, is hereby promulgated
and shall enter into force as of March 1, 1998.
Jiang Zemin
President of the People's Republic of China
December 29, 1997
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON PROTECTING AGAINST AND
MITIGATING EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS
(Adopted at the 29th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth
National People's Congress on December 29, 1997)
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
CHAPTER II EARTHQUAKE MONITORING AND PREDICTION
CHAPTER III PROTECTION AGAINST EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS
CHAPTER IV MEASURES FOR EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCIES
CHAPTER V POST-EARTHQUAKE RELIEF AND RECONSTRUCTION
CHAPTER VI LEGAL LIABILITY
CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 中华人民共和国主席令
（第九十四号）
《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》已由中华人民共和国第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议于１９９７年１２月２９日通过，现予公布，自１９９８年３月１日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 江泽民
１９９７年１２月２９日
中华人民共和国防震减灾法
（１９９７年１２月２９日第八届全国人民代表大会
常务委员会第二十九次会议通过）
目录
第一章 总则
第二章 地震监测预报
第三章 地震灾害预防
第四章 地震应急
第五章 震后救灾与重建
第六章 法律责任
第七章 附则
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CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
| | 第一章 总则 |
Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to protect against and mitigate
earthquake disasters, ensure the safety of the people's lives and
property and the smooth progress of the socialist drive.
| | 第一条 为了防御与减轻地震灾害，保护人民生命和财产安全，保障社会主义建设顺利进行，制定本法。
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Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to earthquake monitoring and
prediction, protection against earthquake disasters, measures for
earthquake emergencies, post-earthquake relief and reconstruction, etc.
which are carried out within the territory of the People's Republic of
China (hereinafter referred to as protection against and mitigation of
earthquake disasters for short).
| | 第二条 在中华人民共和国境内从事地震监测预报、地震灾害预防、地震应急、震后救灾与重建等（以下简称防震减灾）活动，适用本法。
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Article 3 In the effort to protect against and mitigate earthquake
disasters the principle of combining protective measures with rescue
efforts while putting stress on the former shall be applied.
| | 第三条 防震减灾工作，实行预防为主、防御与救助相结合的方针。
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Article 4 Protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters
shall be incorporated into plans for national economic and social
development.
| | 第四条 防震减灾工作，应当纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。
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Article 5 The State encourages and supports scientific and technological
research in protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters
and spreads the use of advanced research results in order to improve the
work of protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters.
| | 第五条 国家鼓励和支持防震减灾的科学技术研究，推广先进的科学研究成果，提高防震减灾工作水平。
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Article 6 People's governments at different levels shall strengthen
leadership over the work of protection against and mitigation of
earthquake disasters and mobilize the relevant departments to take
measures for successful protection against and mitigation of earthquake
disasters.
| | 第六条 各级人民政府应当加强对防震减灾工作的领导，组织有关部门采取措施，做好防震减灾工作。
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Article 7 Under the leadership of the State Council, the competent
administrative departments under the State Council that are responsible
respectively for seismic work, comprehensive management of the economy,
construction, civil affairs and the other relevant departments shall
join efforts and closely cooperate with each other, while acting in
accordance with the division of their functions and duties, to make a
success of the work for protection against and mitigation of earthquake
disasters.
The administrative departments or institutions for seismic work and the
other departments concerned under the local people's governments at or
above the county level shall, under the leadership of the said people's
governments, join efforts and closely cooperate with each other, while
acting in accordance with the division of their functions and duties, to
make a success of the work for protection against and mitigation of
earthquake disasters within their own administrative areas.
| | 第七条 在国务院的领导下，国务院地震行政主管部门、经济综合主管部门、建设行政主管部门、民政部门以及其他有关部门，按照职责分工，各负其责，密切配合，共同做好防震减灾工作。
县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构和其他有关部门在本级人民政府的领导下，按照职责分工，各负其责，密切配合，共同做好本行政区域内的防震减灾工作。
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Article 8 All units and individuals are obligated to take part in
protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters in accordance
with law.
The Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Chinese People's Armed Police
Forces and the People's Militia shall carry out the tasks of protecting
against and mitigating earthquake disasters assigned to them by the
State.
| | 第八条 任何单位和个人都有依法参加防震减灾活动的义务。
中国人民解放军、中国人民武装警察部队和民兵应当执行国家赋予的防震减灾任务。
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CHAPTER II EARTHQUAKE MONITORING AND PREDICTION
| | 第二章 地震监测预报 |
Article 9 The State strengthens the work of earthquake monitoring and
prediction, encourages and gives aid to scientific and technological
research in earthquake monitoring and prediction in order to promote
such monitoring and prediction gradually.
| | 第九条 国家加强地震监测预报工作，鼓励、扶持地震监测预报的科学技术研究，逐步提高地震监测预报水平。
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Article 10 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council shall be responsible for formulating national
plans of earthquake monitoring and prediction and making arrangements
for their implementation.
The administrative departments for seismic work under the people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government shall be responsible for formulating plans
of earthquake monitoring and prediction for their own administrative
areas in accordance with the national plans of earthquake monitoring and
prediction and making arrangements for their implementation
respectively.
| | 第十条 国务院地震行政主管部门负责制定全国地震监测预报方案，并组织实施。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门，根据全国地震监测预报方案，负责制定本行政区域内的地震监测预报方案，并组织实施。
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Article 11 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council shall, on the basis of the tendency of
seismicity, submit suggestions on delimiting key areas for earthquake
surveillance and protection to the State Council for approval.
The administrative departments or institutions for seismic work under
the people's governments at or above the county level located in the key
areas for earthquake surveillance and protection shall improve their
work in earthquake monitoring, work out plans for short-term and
imminent earthquake prediction, establish the system for the tracking of
and consultation about earthquake situations and enhance their
capability of earthquake monitoring and prediction.
| | 第十一条 国务院地震行政主管部门根据地震活动趋势，提出确定地震重点监视防御区的意见，报国务院批准。
地震重点监视防御区的县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，应当加强地震监测工作，制定短期与临震预报方案，建立震情跟踪会商制度，提高地震监测预报能力。
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Article 12 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council and the administrative departments or
institutions for seismic work under the local people's governments at or
above the county level shall improve their work in examining,
transmitting, analysing and processing information about seismicity and
precursors of earthquakes and in forecasting the place, time and
magnitude of a possible earthquake.
| | 第十二条 国务院地震行政主管部门和县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，应当加强对地震活动与地震前兆的信息检测、传递、分析、处理和对可能发生地震的地点、时间和震级的预测。
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Article 13 The State makes unified plans for the building of earthquake
monitoring stations and networks, and divides them into different levels
and types for their administration.
The national earthquake monitoring network is composed of the primary
national earthquake monitoring stations and the earthquake monitoring
stations at the provincial, municipal and county levels, and the
investment needed for its building shall be borne by the central and
local governments according to the principle of unified administrative
and financial powers.
An earthquake monitoring station and network for the use of a particular
unit shall be built with the investment of that unit, administered by it
and brought under the guidance of the administrative department or
institution for seismic work under the local people's government at or
above the county level.
| | 第十三条 国家对地震监测台网的建设，实行统一规划，分级、分类管理。
全国地震监测台网，由国家地震监测基本台网、省级地震监测台网和市、县地震监测台网组成，其建设所需投资，按照事权和财权相统一的原则，由中央和地方财政承担。
为本单位服务的地震监测台网，由有关单位投资建设和管理，并接受所在地的县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构的指导。
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Article 14 The State protects the facilities for earthquake monitoring
and the environment for seismicity observation in accordance with law.
No unit or individual may jeopardize such facilities or environment. The
area of the environment for seismicity observation shall be delimited
for protection in conformity with the requirement that there be no
disturbance sources in the neighborhood that affect the operating
efficiency of the earthquake monitoring facilities.
The facilities for earthquake monitoring mentioned in this Law refers to
the monitoring facilities, equipment, instruments used at the earthquake
monitoring stations and other such facilities, equipment and instruments
provided in accordance with the regulations of the competent
administrative department for seismic work under the State Council.
| | 第十四条 国家依法保护地震监测设施和地震观测环境，任何单位和个人不得危害地震监测设施和地震观测环境。地震观测环境应当按照地震监测设施周围不能有影响其工作效能的干扰源的要求划定保护范围。
本法所称地震监测设施，是指地震监测台网的监测设施、设备、仪器和其他依照国务院地震行政主管部门的规定设立的地震监测设施、设备、仪器。
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Article 15 In building, expanding or rebuilding a project, attention
shall be paid to avoiding jeopardizing the facilities for earthquake
monitoring and the environment for seismicity observation. Where it is
truly impossible to avoid it, the unit concerned shall obtain approval
of the competent administrative department for seismic work under the
State Council or the administrative department or institution for
seismic work under the local people's government at or above the county
level authorized by the said department under the State Council and take
the necessary measures as required by the State Council before it may
start building, expanding or rebuilding the project.
| | 第十五条 新建、扩建、改建建设工程，应当避免对地震监测设施和地震观测环境造成危害；确实无法避免造成危害的，建设单位应当事先征得国务院地震行政主管部门或者其授权的县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构的同意，并按照国务院的规定采取相应的措施后，方可建设。
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Article 16 The State adopts the practice of unified release of
earthquake prediction.
Short-term and imminent earthquake prediction shall be released by the
people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government in accordance with the procedures
prescribed by the State Council.
All units and specialists engaged in seismic work shall submit their
predictions about short-term or imminent earthquakes to the competent
administrative department for seismic work under the State Council or to
the administrative departments or institutions for seismic work under
the local people's governments at or above the county level, which shall
deal with them in accordance with the provisions of the preceding
paragraph; they may not spread their predictions to the public without
authorization.
| | 第十六条 国家对地震预报实行统一发布制度。
地震短期预报和临震预报，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府按照国务院规定的程序发布。
任何单位或者从事地震工作的专业人员关于短期地震预测或者临震预测的意见，应当报国务院地震行政主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构按照前款规定处理，不得擅自向社会扩散。
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CHAPTER III PROTECTION AGAINST EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS
| | 第三章 地震灾害预防 |
Article 17 The projects built, expanded or rebuilt shall meet the
requirements for seismic resistance.
Construction projects other than the ones mentioned in paragraph 3 of
this Article shall be fortified against earthquakes in compliance with
the seismic-resistance requirements specified in the seismic intensity
zoning map or the ground motion parameter zoning map issued by the
State.
Seismic safety shall be evaluated for major construction projects and
the construction projects which may induce serious secondary disasters.
The requirements for fortification against earthquakes, which shall be
drawn up on the basis of the results of seismic safety evaluation, shall
be fulfilled.
The major construction projects mentioned in this Law refer to projects
which are of great value to or have a vital bearing on the society.
The construction projects which may induce serious secondary disasters
mentioned in this Law refer to construction projects which may, as a
result of earthquake damage, lead to flood, fire, explosion, leak of a
large amount of hyper toxic or strong corrosive materials and other
serious secondary disasters, including such projects as large dams,
embankments, petroleum and gas tanks and the facilities storing
inflammables or explosive substances, hyper toxic or strong corrosive
materials and other construction projects which may induce serious
secondary disasters.
For the construction projects such as nuclear power plants and nuclear
facilities, which may lead to serious secondary disasters due to
radioactive contamination in the wake of earthquake damage, seismic
safety shall be evaluated carefully and the projects shall be fortified
against earthquakes strictly in accordance with law.
| | 第十七条 新建、扩建、改建建设工程，必须达到抗震设防要求。
本条第三款规定以外的建设工程，必须按照国家颁布的地震烈度区划图或者地震动参数区划图规定的抗震设防要求，进行抗震设防。
重大建设工程和可能发生严重次生灾害的建设工程，必须进行地震安全性评价；并根据地震安全性评价的结果，确定抗震设防要求，进行抗震设防。
本法所称重大建设工程，是指对社会有重大价值或者有重大影响的工程。
本法所称可能发生严重次生灾害的建设工程，是指受地震破坏后可能引发水灾、火灾、爆炸、剧毒或者强腐蚀性物质大量泄漏和其他严重次生灾害的建设工程，包括水库大坝、堤防和贮油、贮气、贮存易燃易爆、剧毒或者强腐蚀性物质的设施以及其他可能发生严重次生灾害的建设工程。
核电站和核设施建设工程，受地震破坏后可能引发放射性污染的严重次生灾害，必须认真进行地震安全性评价，并依法进行严格的抗震设防。
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Article 18 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council shall be responsible for drawing up the seismic
intensity zoning map or the ground motion parameter zoning map and for
examining and granting approval of seismic safety evaluation results.
The competent administrative department for construction under the State
Council shall be responsible for working out the standard aseismatic
design for construction projects of all kinds of houses and buildings
and the facilities attached to them and of the urban utilities, except
as otherwise provided in paragraph 3 of this Article.
The competent administrative departments for railways, communications,
civil aviation, water conservancy and other specialized departments
concerned under the State Council shall be responsible for working out
the standard aseismatic design for construction projects of railways,
highways, ports, wharfs, airports, water conservancy and other special
projects respectively.
| | 第十八条 国务院地震行政主管部门负责制定地震烈度区划图或者地震动参数区划图，并负责对地震安全性评价结果的审定工作。
国务院建设行政主管部门负责制定各类房屋建筑及其附属设施和城市市政设施的建设工程的抗震设计规范。但是，本条第三款另有规定的除外。
国务院铁路、交通、民用航空、水利和其他有关专业主管部门负责分别制定铁路、公路、港口、码头、机场、水工程和其他专业建设工程的抗震设计规范。
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Article 19 All construction projects shall be designed in compliance
with the requirements for fortification against earthquakes and in
conformity with the standard aseismatic design and shall be constructed
in accordance with the design.
| | 第十九条 建设工程必须按照抗震设防要求和抗震设计规范进行抗震设计，并按照抗震设计进行施工。
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Article 20 The following buildings and structures without the necessary
fortifications against earthquakes shall be appraised for their
earthquake-resistance capability in accordance with relevant State
regulations, and the necessary measures of reinforcement shall be taken:
(1) buildings and structures which come under the category of major
construction projects;
(2) buildings and structures which may induce serious secondary
disasters;
(3) buildings and structures which are of great cultural relic value and
are memorable; and
(4) buildings and structures which are located in the key areas under
surveillance for and protection against earthquakes.
| | 第二十条 已经建成的下列建筑物、构筑物，未采取抗震设防措施的，应当按照国家有关规定进行抗震性能鉴定，并采取必要的抗震加固措施：
（一）属于重大建设工程的建筑物、构筑物；
（二）可能发生严重次生灾害的建筑物、构筑物；
（三）有重大文物价值和纪念意义的建筑物、构筑物；
（四）地震重点监视防御区的建筑物、构筑物。
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Article 21 The local people's governments concerned shall take
appropriate and effective measures for sources of the secondary
disasters such as fires, floods, landslides, radioactive contaminations
and epidemic diseases that may arise in the wake of earthquakes.
| | 第二十一条 对地震可能引起的火灾、水灾、山体滑坡、放射性污染、疫情等次生灾害源，有关地方人民政府应当采取相应的有效防范措施。
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Article 22 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council and the administrative departments or
institutions for seismic work under the local people's governments at or
above the county level shall, together with the departments concerned at
the corresponding level, work out plans for protecting against and
mitigating earthquake disasters on the basis of the prediction of the
possible earthquake situation and earthquake disasters and put them into
effect upon approval of the people's government at the same level.
Revision of the plans for protecting against and mitigating earthquake
disasters shall be submitted for approval to the authorities that
originally approved them.
| | 第二十二条 根据震情和震害预测结果，国务院地震行政主管部门和县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，应当会同同级有关部门编制防震减灾规划，报本级人民政府批准后实施。
修改防震减灾规划，应当报经原批准机关批准。
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Article 23 People's governments at all levels shall mobilize the
departments concerned to disseminate knowledge about the importance of
protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters, enhancing the
citizens' awareness of such importance and help increasing citizens'
capability of self-and mutual-rescue from earthquake disasters; and
improve the training of specialists in this field so as to enhance their
ability of dealing with emergencies and providing disaster relief.
| | 第二十三条 各级人民政府应当组织有关部门开展防震减灾知识的宣传教育，增强公民的防震减灾意识，提高公民在地震灾害中自救、互救的能力；加强对有关专业人员的培训，提高抢险救灾能力。
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Article 24 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in the key areas under surveillance for and protection against
earthquakes shall, in the light of actual need and possibility, allocate
an appropriate amount of funds and materials for earthquake relief from
their financial budgets and materials reserve.
| | 第二十四条 地震重点监视防御区的县级以上地方人民政府应当根据实际需要与可能，在本级财政预算和物资储备中安排适当的抗震救灾资金和物资。
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Article 25 The State encourages units and individuals to insure against
earthquake disasters.
| | 第二十五条 国家鼓励单位和个人参加地震灾害保险。
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CHAPTER IV MEASURES FOR EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCIES
| | 第四章 地震应急 |
Article 26 The competent administrative department for seismic work
under the State Council shall, together with the departments concerned
under the State Council, draw up national emergency preplans for
destructive earthquakes and submit them to the State Council for
approval.
The departments concerned under the State Council shall formulate their
own emergency preplans for destructive earthquakes in accordance with
the national emergency preplans for destructive earthquakes and submit
them to the competent administrative department for seismic work under
the State Council for the record.
The competent administrative departments or institutions for seismic
work under the local people's governments at or above the county level
in areas where destructive earthquakes may occur shall, together with
the departments concerned, work out emergency preplans for destructive
earthquakes in their own administrative areas in the light of the
national emergency preplans for destructive earthquakes and submit them
to the said people's governments for approval. All such emergency
preplans for provinces, autonomous regions and cities with a population
of over one million shall, in addition, be submitted to the competent
administrative department for seismic work under the State Council for
the record.
The destructive earthquakes mentioned in this Law refer to earthquakes
that cause casualties and property losses.
| | 第二十六条 国务院地震行政主管部门会同国务院有关部门制定国家破坏性地震应急预案，报国务院批准。
国务院有关部门应当根据国家破坏性地震应急预案，制定本部门的破坏性地震应急预案，并报国务院地震行政主管部门备案。
可能发生破坏性地震地区的县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，应当会同有关部门参照国家破坏性地震应急预案，制定本行政区域内的破坏性地震应急预案，报本级人民政府批准；省、自治区和人口在一百万以上的城市的破坏性地震应急预案，还应当报国务院地震行政主管部门备案。
本法所称破坏性地震，是指造成人员伤亡和财产损失的地震灾害。
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Article 27 The State encourages and gives aid to research and
development of technology and equipment for earthquake emergency and
rescue.
The local people's governments at or above the county level in areas
where destructive earthquakes may occur shall charge the departments
concerned with the duty of reserving equipment necessary for earthquake
emergency and rescue and training people to use them.
| | 第二十七条 国家鼓励、扶持地震应急、救助技术和装备的研究开发工作。
可能发生破坏性地震地区的县级以上地方人民政府应当责成有关部门进行必要的地震应急、救助装备的储备和使用训练工作。
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Article 28 An emergency preplan for a destructive earthquake mainly
includes the following:
(1) composition and functions and duties of an emergency institution,
(2) guarantee of emergency telecommunications;
(3) preparation of manpower, funds and materials for rescue and disaster
relief;
(4) preparation of emergency and rescue equipment;
(5) preparation for disaster evaluation; and
(6) a plan for emergency actions.
| | 第二十八条 破坏性地震应急预案主要包括下列内容：
（一）应急机构的组成和职责；
（二）应急通信保障；
（三）抢险救援人员的组织和资金、物资的准备；
（四）应急、救助装备的准备；
（五）灾害评估准备；
（六）应急行动方案。
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Article 29 After the release of prediction for an imminent destructive
earthquake, the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government
concerned may declare that the areas covered in the prediction enter the
emergency period of an imminent earthquake; the local people's
governments concerned shall, in accordance with the emergency preplan
for destructive earthquakes, see to it that the relevant departments
mobilize the community to make good preparations for disaster relief and
rescue.
| | 第二十九条 破坏性地震临震预报发布后，有关的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以宣布所预报的区域进入临震应急期；有关的地方人民政府应当按照破坏性地震应急预案，组织有关部门动员社会力量，做好抢险救灾的准备工作。
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Article 30 After the occurrence of a severely destructive earthquake
which causes tremendous losses, the State Council shall set up a
headquarters for resisting the earthquake and providing disaster relief,
which shall mobilize the departments concerned to implement the
emergency preplan for destructive earthquakes. An office of the said
headquarters shall be set up in the competent administrative department
for seismic work under the State Council.
After the occurrence of a destructive earthquake, the local people's
governments at or above the county level concerned shall set up
headquarters for resisting earthquake and providing disaster relief,
which shall mobilize the departments concerned to implement the
emergency preplan for destructive earthquakes.
A severely destructive earthquake as mentioned in this Law refers to an
earthquake which causes heavy casualties and property losses, rendering
people in the disaster-stricken area unable or partially unable to
rehabilitate themselves and making it necessary for the State to take
appropriate actions.
| | 第三十条 造成特大损失的严重破坏性地震发生后，国务院应当成立抗震救灾指挥机构，组织有关部门实施破坏性地震应急预案。国务院抗震救灾指挥机构的办事机构，设在国务院地震行政主管部门。
破坏性地震发生后，有关的县级以上地方人民政府应当设立抗震救灾指挥机构，组织有关部门实施破坏性地震应急预案。
本法所称严重破坏性地震，是指造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失，使灾区丧失或者部分丧失自我恢复能力，需要国家采取相应行动的地震灾害。
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Article 31 The local people's governments at different levels in
earthquake-stricken areas shall promptly inform the people's governments
at the next higher level of the earthquake situation and the disasters
inflicted and other developments; the people's governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government in the earthquake-stricken areas shall, in accordance with
the relevant regulations of the State Council, make known to the general
public the earthquake situation and the disasters inflicted.
The competent administrative department for seismic work under the State
Council or the administrative departments for seismic work under the
people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, together with the
departments concerned, promptly investigate and assess the losses caused
by the earthquake. The findings shall be reported to the said people's
governments without delay.
| | 第三十一条 地震灾区的各级地方人民政府应当及时将震情、灾情及其发展趋势等信息报告上一级人民政府；地震灾区的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府按照国务院有关规定向社会公告震情和灾情。
国务院地震行政主管部门或者地震灾区的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门，应当及时会同有关部门对地震灾害损失进行调查、评估；灾情调查结果，应当及时报告本级人民政府。
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Article 32 After the occurrence of a severely destructive earthquake,
the State Council or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may
take the following emergency measures in the earthquake-stricken areas
in order to deal with the emergency, provide disaster relief and
maintain public order:
(1) traffic control;
(2) centralized provision and distribution of basic daily necessities
such as foods;
(3) temporary requisition of houses, transportation vehicles and
telecommunications equipment, etc.; and
(4) other necessary emergency measures.
| | 第三十二条 严重破坏性地震发生后，为了抢险救灾并维护社会秩序，国务院或者地震灾区的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，可以在地震灾区实行下列紧急应急措施：
（一）交通管制；
（二）对食品等基本生活必需品和药品统一发放和分配；
（三）临时征用房屋、运输工具和通信设备等；
（四）需要采取的其他紧急应急措施。
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CHAPTER V POST-EARTHQUAKE RELIEF AND RECONSTRUCTION
| | 第五章 震后救灾与重建 |
Article 33 After the occurrence of a destructive earthquake, the local
people's governments at all levels in the earthquake-stricken areas
shall mobilize forces from all quarters to rescue people and mobilize
grassroots units and personnel for self- and mutual-rescue. The local
people's governments at all levels in non-earthquake-stricken areas
shall mobilize people from all sectors of society to provide aid to the
earthquake-stricken areas in the light of the earthquake situation and
the disasters inflicted.
After the occurrence of a severely destructive earthquake, the State
Council shall provide aid to the earthquake-stricken areas and charge
the competent department for comprehensive management of the economy
with the duty of coordinating the efforts for disaster relief in an all-
round way and, together with the relevant departments under the State
Council, make an overall plan for the distribution of relief funds and
materials.
| | 第三十三条 破坏性地震发生后，地震灾区的各级地方人民政府应当组织各方面力量，抢救人员，并组织基层单位和人员开展自救和互救；非地震灾区的各级地方人民政府应当根据震情和灾情，组织和动员社会力量，对地震灾区提供救助。
严重破坏性地震发生后，国务院应当对地震灾区提供救助，责成经济综合主管部门综合协调救灾工作并会同国务院其他有关部门，统筹安排救灾资金和物资。
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Article 34 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in earthquake-stricken areas shall mobilize health and medical
institutions and other departments or units concerned to provide medical
aid to the wounded and do a good job of sanitation and epidemic
prevention.
| | 第三十四条 地震灾区的县级以上地方人民政府应当组织卫生、医药和其他有关部门和单位，做好伤员医疗救护和卫生防疫等工作。
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Article 35 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in earthquake-stricken areas shall mobilize the civil affairs
authorities and other departments or units concerned to lose no time in
setting up shelters and stations for the supply of relief goods and
materials, make proper arrangements for the daily life of the victims,
and help them to evacuate and settle down in new places.
| | 第三十五条 地震灾区的县级以上地方人民政府应当组织民政和其他有关部门和单位，迅速设置避难场所和救济物资供应点，提供救济物品，妥善安排灾民生活，做好灾民的转移和安置工作。
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Article 36 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in earthquake-stricken areas shall mobilize the traffic, post and
telecommunications and construction authorities and other departments or
units concerned to take measures to quickly restore the disrupted
traffic, communications, water supply, drainage, power, gas and
petroleum supply and other facilities, and take urgent protective
measures against sources of secondary disasters.
| | 第三十六条 地震灾区的县级以上地方人民政府应当组织交通、邮电、建设和其他有关部门和单位采取措施，尽快恢复被破坏的交通、通信、供水、排水、供电、供气、输油等工程，并对次生灾害源采取紧急防护措施。
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Article 37 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in earthquake-stricken areas shall mobilize public security organs and
the other departments concerned to strengthen public security
administration and improve security work in order to prevent and crack
down on various criminal activities and maintain public order.
| | 第三十七条 地震灾区的县级以上地方人民政府应当组织公安机关和其他有关部门加强治安管理和安全保卫工作，预防和打击各种犯罪活动，维护社会秩序。
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Article 38 The houses, transportation vehicles and telecommunications
equipment temporarily requisitioned for disaster relief shall be
returned immediately afterwards; proper compensation shall be made or
other measures shall be taken, according to the relevant regulations of
the State Council, for those damaged or unreturnable.
| | 第三十八条 因救灾需要，临时征用的房屋、运输工具、通信设备等，事后应当及时归还；造成损坏或者无法归还的，按照国务院有关规定给予适当补偿或者作其他处理。
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Article 39 All units and individuals shall, during the relief period
after an earthquake, abide by rules of discipline and laws, observe
social ethics, obey orders and help maintain public order
conscientiously.
| | 第三十九条 在震后救灾中，任何单位和个人都必须遵纪守法、遵守社会公德，服从指挥，自觉维护社会秩序。
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Article 40 No unit or individual may withhold or embezzle funds and
goods set aside for disaster relief.
The auditing authorities of the people's governments at different levels
shall through auditing exercise strict supervision over the use of funds
set aside for disaster relief.
| | 第四十条 任何单位和个人不得截留、挪用地震救灾资金和物资。
各级人民政府审计机关应当加强对地震救灾资金使用情况的审计监督。
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Article 41 The local people's governments at or above the county level
in earthquake-stricken areas shall, in the light of the earthquake
disasters and the requirements for seismic resistance, make overall
plans for the reconstruction of such areas.
| | 第四十一条 地震灾区的县级以上地方人民政府应当根据震害情况和抗震设防要求，统筹规划、安排地震灾区的重建工作。
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Article 42 The State protects typical earthquake ruins and sites in
accordance with law.
The protection of typical earthquake ruins and sites shall be
incorporated into plans for the reconstruction of the earthquake-
stricken areas.
| | 第四十二条 国家依法保护典型地震遗址、遗迹。
典型地震遗址、遗迹的保护，应当列入地震灾区的重建规划。
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CHAPTER VI LEGAL LIABILITY
| | 第六章 法律责任 |
Article 43 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this Law, commits
one of the following acts shall be ordered by the competent
administrative department for seismic work under the State Council or
the administrative department or institution for seismic work under the
local people's government at or above the county level to stop violating
the Law and to put the place back to its former state or take other
remedial measures; if the circumstances are serious, the offender may be
fined not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan; if losses
are caused, the offender shall bear civil liability in accordance with
law; if the offence constitutes a crime, the offender shall be
investigated for criminal liability in accordance with law:
(1) building, expanding or rebuilding projects which jeopardize the
facilities for earthquake monitoring or the environment for seismicity
observation, and doing it without obtaining approval in advance in
accordance with law or taking the necessary measures; or
(2) destroying typical earthquake ruins or sites.
| | 第四十三条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，由国务院地震行政主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，责令停止违法行为，恢复原状或者采取其他补救措施；情节严重的，可以处五千元以上十万元以下的罚款；造成损失的，依法承担民事责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
（一）新建、扩建、改建建设工程，对地震监测设施或者地震观测环境造成危害，又未依法事先征得同意并采取相应措施的；
（二）破坏典型地震遗址、遗迹的。
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Article 44 Any construction unit that, in violation of the provisions in
paragraph 3 of Article 17 of this Law, fails to conduct seismic safety
evaluation or provide fortification against earthquakes in compliance
with the requirements for such fortification, which are drawn up on the
basis of the results of seismic safety evaluation, shall be ordered by
the competent administrative department for seismic work under the State
Council or the administrative department or institution for seismic work
under the local people's government at or above the county level to set
it right and be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than
100,000 yuan.
| | 第四十四条 违反本法第十七条第三款规定，有关建设单位不进行地震安全性评价的，或者不按照根据地震安全性评价结果确定的抗震设防要求进行抗震设防的，由国务院地震行政主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府负责管理地震工作的部门或者机构，责令改正，处一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。
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Article 45 Any unit that, in violation of the provisions of this Law,
commits one of the following acts shall be ordered by the administrative
department for construction or a department concerned under the people's
government at or above the county level, within the limits of its powers
and duties, to set it right and be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but
not more than 100,000 yuan:
(1) failing to have construction projects designed in conformity with
the standard aseismatic design; or
(2) failing to carry out construction in accordance with the aseismatic
design.
| | 第四十五条 违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，由县级以上人民政府建设行政主管部门或者其他有关专业主管部门按照职责权限责令改正，处一万元以上十万元以下的罚款：
（一）不按照抗震设计规范进行抗震设计的；
（二）不按照抗震设计进行施工的。
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Article 46 Whoever withholds or embezzles funds or goods set aside for
earthquake disaster relief, if the offence constitutes a crime, shall be
investigated for criminal liability in accordance with law; otherwise,
he shall be given administrative sanctions.
| | 第四十六条 截留、挪用地震救灾资金和物资，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，给予行政处分。
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Article 47 Any State functionary who abuses his power, neglects his duty
or commits malpractices for selfish ends, if the offence constitutes a
crime, shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with
law; otherwise, he shall be given administrative sanctions.
| | 第四十七条 国家工作人员在防震减灾工作中滥用职权，玩忽职守，徇私舞弊，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，给予行政处分。
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CHAPTER VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 第七章 附则 |
Article 48 This Law shall come into force as of March 1, 1998.
| | 第四十八条 本法自１９９８年３月１日起施行。
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