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Announcement of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. on Issuing the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Security Deposits, the Administrative Measures for Clearing Members of Shanghai Clearing House and the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Clearing Funds and Risk Reserves [Effective]
银行间市场清算所股份有限公司关于发布《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司保证金管理办法》、《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算会员管理办法》和《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算基金与风险准备金管理办法》的公告 [现行有效]
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Announcement of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. on Issuing the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Security Deposits, the Administrative Measures for Clearing Members of Shanghai Clearing House and the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Clearing Funds and Risk Reserves

 

银行间市场清算所股份有限公司关于发布《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司保证金管理办法》、《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算会员管理办法》和《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算基金与风险准备金管理办法》的公告

(Announcement No. 16 [2014] of the Shanghai Clearing House) (清算所公告〔2014〕16号)

For the purposes of constantly promoting the relevant system of central counterparty clearing business and strengthening the administration of services for clearing members, Shanghai Clearing House has formulated the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Security Deposits, the Administrative Measures for Clearing Members of Shanghai Clearing House and the Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Clearing Funds and Risk Reserves, which, as approved by the People's Bank of China, are hereby promulgated. 为不断完善中央对手清算业务相关制度、加强对清算会员的服务管理,我公司制定了《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司保证金管理办法》、《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算会员管理办法》和《银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算基金与风险准备金管理办法》,并报中国人民银行备案同意,现予以发布。
Annexes: 附件:
1. Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Security Deposits 1.银行间市场清算所股份有限公司保证金管理办法
2. Administrative Measures for Clearing Members of Shanghai Clearing House 2.银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算会员管理办法
3. Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Clearing Funds and Risk Reserves 3.银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算基金与风险准备金管理办法
Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. 银行间市场清算所股份有限公司
December 5, 2014 2014年12月5日
Annex 1 附件1
Measures of the Shanghai Clearing House Co., Ltd. for the Management of Security Deposits (omitted) 银行间市场清算所股份有限公司保证金管理办法
 

第一章 总则

   第一条 为防范和化解中央对手清算业务的潜在风险,保障金融市场平稳运行,银行间市场清算所股份有限公司(以下简称上海清算所)根据相关法律法规以及上海清算所业务和风险管理规则制定本办法。
   第二条 本办法适用于由上海清算所作为中央对手方(CCP)的清算业务(以下简称中央对手清算业务)。
   第三条 保证金是清算会员向上海清算所交纳的现金或有价证券,用于弥补清算会员违规违约对上海清算所造成的损失。
   第四条 保证金包括最低保证金、变动保证金和特殊保证金。
   第五条 清算会员可交纳符合上海清算所规定的现金作为保证金。最低保证金可交纳部分符合规定的有价证券。
   第六条 上海清算所定期公布和调整可接受的现金币种和有价证券种类以及相应的折扣率。有价证券等保证金资产的管理办法将另行制定。
   第七条 上海清算所根据各项中央对手清算业务的相关业务规则(包括但不限于业务规则、业务指南、办法、通知、公告、指引及操作流程等,统称为相关业务规则,下同)和上海清算所风险管理委员会决议确定保证金相关参数、计算方法、交纳和提取方式以及清算会员参与各项清算业务所需交纳的保证金金额等。
   第八条 上海清算所可以根据清算会员的资信情况及市场变动情况调整清算会员应交纳保证金金额。
   第九条 清算会员交纳的保证金属清算会员所有,除用于清算会员的违约处理弥补损失外,严禁挪作他用。
   第十条 清算会员应根据上海清算所规定按时、足额交纳保证金。清算会员未按规定交纳保证金将构成违约,上海清算所将按照相关中央对手清算业务规定进行处理。
 

第二章 最低保证金

   第十一条 最低保证金用于弥补清算会员违规违约情况下,上海清算所进行违约处理所产生的一定置信度下的潜在损失。上海清算所根据中央对手清算业务的清算限额(以下简称清算限额)核定清算会员应交纳的最低保证金。
   第十二条 清算会员在参与中央对手清算业务之前,应根据上海清算所规定按时、足额交纳该清算业务的最低保证金。
 

第三章 清算限额

   第十三条 清算限额是指上海清算所针对每项中央对手清算业务为各清算会员核定的持有净额额度或风险敞口额度。
   第十四条 清算会员根据上海清算所规定申请设置或变更清算限额。上海清算所基于清算会员的业务规模、资信状况及其清算限额申请情况等因素核定清算限额。
   第十五条 上海清算所有权根据实际情况按照中央对手清算业务相关业务规则对清算限额进行调整。
   第十六条 上海清算所对清算会员所持头寸的净额或风险敞口进行实时监测。当清算会员的成交净额或风险敞口超出清算限额时,上海清算所可要求其追加超限保证金或及时减仓。
 

第四章 变动保证金与特殊保证金

   第十七条 变动保证金包括超限保证金和盯市保证金。
   第十八条 超限保证金是清算会员所持头寸净额或风险敞口超出清算限额时交纳的保证金,用于弥补清算会员违规违约时,上海清算所进行违约处理所产生的潜在损失中最低保证金无法覆盖的部分。
   第十九条 盯市保证金用于弥补清算会员持有头寸的盯市亏损。
   第二十条 特殊保证金用于弥补异常情况下清算会员违规违约给上海清算所造成的潜在额外损失。异常情况包括:
 (一)市场价格出现异常波动;
 (二)清算会员持有头寸过度集中;
 (三)连续假期之前;
 (四)上海清算所认定的其他情况。
 上述异常情况的具体执行标准由中央对手清算业务的相关业务规则规定。
 

第五章 保证金的追缴与释放

   第二十一条 每个工作日日终,上海清算所根据清算会员的保证金要求和已交纳的保证金计算保证金追加/释放金额,并向清算会员发送日终保证金追加/释放清单。清算会员应在上海清算所送达日终保证金追加通知后的规定时点之前,向上海清算所足额交纳保证金追加额。
   第二十二条 根据中央对手清算业务情况和清算会员的资信情况,上海清算所可在日间向清算会员追缴保证金。清算会员应在上海清算所送达日间保证金追加通知后的规定时点之前,向上海清算所足额交纳日间保证金追加额。
   第二十三条 清算会员可在保证金释放通知中规定的时点提取可释放的保证金。
   第二十四条 上海清算所与清算会员未在规定时间内完成保证金划付的,逾期方每日按照相关业务规则规定的逾期金额的一定比例支付违约金。
 

第六章 保证金的日常管理和使用

   第二十五条 上海清算所为清算会员开立保证金专户,按中央对手清算业务对各清算会员的保证金实行分类独立核算。
   第二十六条 原则上现金保证金存放于国有商业银行或股份制商业银行。
   第二十七条 上海清算所对现金保证金支付利息,利率由上海清算所规定或者由上海清算所与清算会员协商确定。
   第二十八条 上海清算所每日对外币保证金进行估值,并定期公布其折扣率。
   第二十九条 清算会员出现违规违约时,上海清算所使用该清算会员在涉及违约的中央对手清算业务中交纳的保证金弥补其给上海清算所造成的损失。保证金无法完全覆盖损失时,上海清算所将按相关规定动用其他风险准备资源进行弥补,并根据各中央对手清算业务的相关规则可成立违约处置专家组协助处理违约事件。
   第三十条 清算会员申请退出清算业务时,在结清与上海清算所的相关债权债务后,可向上海清算所申请退还保证金余额。
   第三十一条 上海清算所定期委托独立第三方审计机构依据国家有关法律法规、财务会计制度对保证金的收取、管理、使用等进行专项审计,并向相关清算会员披露该专项审计结果。
 

第七章 附则

   第三十二条 本办法由上海清算所解释。
   第三十三条 本办法自发布之日起生效。
Annex 2 附件2
Administrative Measures for Clearing Members of Shanghai Clearing House 银行间市场清算所股份有限公司清算会员管理办法
Chapter 1 General Provisions 

第一章 总则

Article 1 These measures are formulated in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations and the relevant rules of SHCH,in order to strengthen the management of clearing members, coordinate the involvement of clearing members of Shanghai Clearing House (SHCH) to take part in the central counterparty clearing (CCP) business, and guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of clearing members.   第一条 为加强清算会员管理,规范清算会员参与银行间市场清算所股份有限公司(以下简称上海清算所)中央对手清算业务的相关活动,保障清算会员的合法权益,根据有关法律法规和上海清算所的相关规定,制定本办法。
Article 2 SHCH CCP services adopts a clearing membership system.   第二条 由上海清算所作为中央对手方(CCP)的清算业务(以下简称中央对手清算业务)实行清算会员制度。
Article 3 Clearing members are divided into General Clearing Members, Direct Clearing Members, and Special Clearing Members.   第三条 清算会员分为综合清算会员、普通清算会员和特殊清算会员。
General Clearing Members can apply for all or part of CCP clearing services for their own business or for client clearing. General Clearing Members are further divided into SHCH General Clearing Members and Product General Clearing Members. SHCH General Clearing Members can apply for all CCP clearing services for client clearing, while Product General Clearing Members can offer certain client clearing services to its clients. 综合清算会员可参与所有或部分中央对手清算业务的自营业务清算(以下简称自营清算)和代理业务清算(以下简称代理清算)。综合清算会员分为上海清算所综合清算会员和产品类综合清算会员。其中,上海清算所综合清算会员可参与所有中央对手清算业务的代理清算,产品类综合清算会员可参与对应产品业务的代理清算。
Direct Clearing Members can apply for all or part of CCP clearing services for their own business. There are 3 types of Direct Clearing Members, namely Class A, Class B and Class C. Class A members can apply for all CCP clearing services, Class B members can participate in two or more CCP clearing services, and Class C members can only participate in one CCP clearing service. 普通清算会员可参与所有或部分中央对手清算业务的自营清算。普通清算会员分为A类、B类和C类普通清算会员。其中,A类普通清算会员可参与所有中央对手清算业务,B类普通清算会员可参与两项或两项以上中央对手清算业务,C类普通清算会员只能参与一项中央对手清算业务。
Special Clearing Members are approved to clear the types of CCP clearing services stipulated by SHCH separately. 特殊清算会员参与中央对手清算业务的具体规定,由上海清算所另行制定。
Chapter 2 Application Criteria 

第二章 申请条件

Article 4 To apply for Direct Clearing Membership, applicants shall meet requirements listed below:   第四条 申请普通清算会员资格的机构应满足以下条件:
1. Be a legal entity or other types of entity that are registered according to the law; (一)依法登记注册的法人或其他机构。
2. To apply for A-class Direct Clearing Membership, banking financial institutions shall have a minimum net assets of 5 billion RMB (or equivalent in foreign currency) for the most recent two financial years, and meet the requirements of regulators on capital adequacy ratio; Non-banking financial institutions shall have a minimum net assets (net capital for securities companies) of 4 billion RMB for the most recent two financial years. To apply for B-class or C-class Direct Clearing Membership, applicants shall meet relevant net asset (net capital for securities companies) requirements set by SHCH, and specific standards will be determined when SHCH provides relevant CCP clearing services; (二)申请A类普通清算会员资格的银行类金融机构最近两个会计年度期末净资产均不低于50亿元人民币(或等值外币,下同),符合监管机构关于资本充足率的要求;申请A类普通清算会员资格的非银行类金融机构最近两个会计年度期末净资产(证券公司为净资本)均不低于40亿元人民币。申请B类或C类普通清算会员资格的机构应符合上海清算所关于相关中央对手清算业务的净资产(证券公司为净资本)要求,具体标准由上海清算所提供相应中央对手清算业务时确定。
3. Meet internal rating standards set by SHCH for A-class, B-class or C-class Direct Clearing Membership; (三)达到上海清算所制定的A类、B类或C类普通清算会员内部评级标准。
4. Establish relevant rules and regulations of business management and risk management, and IT system to support proprietary clearing operations; (四)相关业务管理制度、风险管理制度、技术系统能够支持自营清算业务的开展。
5. Obtain relevant business operation qualifications; (五)取得相关业务经营资格。
6. Comply with relevant rules and regulations stipulated by regulators, without any record of violation of laws or regulations for two years prior to application, and without any record of major default with respect to risk management; (六)遵守监管机构的有关规定,在申请清算会员资格之前的两年内无重大违法、违规记录,未发生重大的风险管理违规违约事件。
7. Have sustainable operation capability, without any record of close-down, custody, take-over, reorganization, or other events that may affect sustainable operation capability by administrative, judicial or regulatory agencies; (七)具有较好的持续经营能力,未被行政机关、司法机关或监管机构采取停业整顿、托管、接管、重整以及其他可能影响其持续经营能力的措施或行政、司法程序。
8. Meet other requirements set by SHCH. (八)上海清算所要求的其他条件。
Article 5 To apply for SHCH General Clearing Membership and Product General Clearing Membership, applicants shall meet requirements listed in Article 4 as well as the requirements listed below:   第五条 申请上海清算所综合清算会员和产品类综合清算会员资格的机构除具备本办法第四条关于普通清算会员的条件外,还应满足以下条件:
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