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Announcement of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China
The Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the Application of the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (III), which were adopted at the 1504th meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on December 6, 2010, are hereby promulgated and shall come into force on February 16, 2011.
January 27, 2011
Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the Application of the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (III)
(Adopted at the 1504th meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on December 6, 2010, Judicial Interpretation No.3 [2011] of the Supreme People's Court)
To correctly apply the Company Law of the People's Republic of China, and in light of the trial practice, some provisions have been formulated as follows on the application of law by the people's courts in the hearing of disputes over the establishment of companies, capital contributions, confirmation of equities, etc.:
| | 中华人民共和国最高人民法院公告
最高人民法院《关于适用〈中华人民共和国公司法〉若干问题的规定（三）》已于2010年12月6日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1504次会议通过，现予公布，自2011年2月16日施行。
二○一一年一月二十七日
最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国公司法》若干问题的规定（三）
（法释〔2011〕3号）
为正确适用《中华人民共和国公司法》，结合审判实践，就人民法院审理公司设立、出资、股权确认等纠纷案件适用法律问题作出如下规定。
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Article 1 Whoever concludes the articles of association for the purpose of establishing a company, subscribes to capital contributions or shares and performs the duties of establishing the company shall be deemed as a promoter of the company, including the shareholders at the time of establishment of a limited liability company.
| | 第一条 为设立公司而签署公司章程、向公司认购出资或者股份并履行公司设立职责的人，应当认定为公司的发起人，包括有限责任公司设立时的股东。
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Article 2 Where a promoter concludes a contract with anyone else in his own name for the purpose of establishing a company, if that person claims that the promoter shall bear contractual liabilities, the people's court shall support such claim.
Where the contract as prescribed in the preceding paragraph is confirmed after the company is established, or the contractual rights have been actually enjoyed or the contractual obligations have been actually performed, if the other party to the contract claims that the company shall bear contractual liabilities, the people's court shall support such claim.
| | 第二条 发起人为设立公司以自己名义对外签订合同，合同相对人请求该发起人承担合同责任的，人民法院应予支持。
公司成立后对前款规定的合同予以确认，或者已经实际享有合同权利或者履行合同义务，合同相对人请求公司承担合同责任的，人民法院应予支持。
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Article 3 Where a promoter concludes a contract with anyone else in the name of a company being established, if, after the company is established, the other party to the contract claims that the company shall bear contractual liabilities, the people's court shall support such claim.
Where, after a company is established, there is evidence to prove that the promoter has concluded a contract with anyone else in the name of the company being established for his own interest, if the company claims on this ground that it shall not bear contractual liabilities, the people's court shall support such claim except that the other party concluded the contract for good faith.
| | 第三条 发起人以设立中公司名义对外签订合同，公司成立后合同相对人请求公司承担合同责任的，人民法院应予支持。
公司成立后有证据证明发起人利用设立中公司的名义为自己的利益与相对人签订合同，公司以此为由主张不承担合同责任的，人民法院应予支持，但相对人为善意的除外。
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Article 4 Where a company fails to be established for some reason, if the creditors claim that all or some promoters shall assume joint and several liabilities for the costs and debts incurred from the establishment of the company, the people's court shall support such claim.
Where, after assuming liabilities according to the provisions in the preceding paragraph, some promoters claim that other promoters shall share the liabilities, the people's court shall order other promoters to share the liabilities according to the agreed accountability proportion; in the absence of an agreed accountability proportion, liabilities shall be shared according to the agreed proportion of capital contributions; and in the absence of an agreed proportion of capital contributions, liabilities shall be shared equally.
Where a company fails to be established due to the fault of some promoters, if other promoters claim that such promoters shall assume the costs and debts incurred from the establishment, the people's court shall, according to the fault, determine the scope of responsibilities of the party in fault.
| | 第四条 公司因故未成立，债权人请求全体或者部分发起人对设立公司行为所产生的费用和债务承担连带清偿责任的，人民法院应予支持。
部分发起人依照前款规定承担责任后，请求其他发起人分担的，人民法院应当判令其他发起人按照约定的责任承担比例分担责任；没有约定责任承担比例的，按照约定的出资比例分担责任；没有约定出资比例的，按照均等份额分担责任。
因部分发起人的过错导致公司未成立，其他发起人主张其承担设立行为所产生的费用和债务的，人民法院应当根据过错情况，确定过错一方的责任范围。
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Article 5 Where a promoter causes any harm to anyone else due to performance of the duty of establishing the company, if, after the establishment of the company, the victim claims that the company shall bear the compensation liability for tort, the people's court shall support such claim If the company fails to be established, and the victim claims that all the promoters shall bear joint and several liabilities, the people's court shall support such claim.
The company or the promoters not in fault may, after making compensations, recourse against the promoters in fault.
| | 第五条 发起人因履行公司设立职责造成他人损害，公司成立后受害人请求公司承担侵权赔偿责任的，人民法院应予支持；公司未成立，受害人请求全体发起人承担连带赔偿责任的，人民法院应予支持。
公司或者无过错的发起人承担赔偿责任后，可以向有过错的发起人追偿。
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Article 6 Where a subscriber of a joint stock limited company fails to make payments for the shares he has subscribed to on schedule, and still fails to pay within a reasonable period after being urged by the promoters of the company, if the promoters of the company raised funds for such shares from other sources, the people's court shall determine the fund raising as valid. Where a subscriber causes any loss to the company due to his delayed payment for the shares, if the company claims that the subscriber shall make compensation, the people's court shall support such claim.
| | 第六条 股份有限公司的认股人未按期缴纳所认股份的股款，经公司发起人催缴后在合理期间内仍未缴纳，公司发起人对该股份另行募集的，人民法院应当认定该募集行为有效。认股人延期缴纳股款给公司造成损失，公司请求该认股人承担赔偿责任的，人民法院应予支持。
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Article 7 Where a capital contributor makes capital contributions with anything that he has the right to dispose of, if there arises any dispute over the validity of the act of capital contribution, the people's court may determine the validity in accordance with Article 106 of the Real Right Law.
Where the equity shares are obtained through monetary contributions which are derived from such violations of law or crimes as corruption, bribery, embezzlement and misappropriation, the people's court shall, when investigating and punishing the illegal and criminal acts, dispose of the equity shares by means of auction or sale.
| | 第七条 出资人以不享有处分权的财产出资，当事人之间对于出资行为效力产生争议的，人民法院可以参照物权法第一百零六条的规定予以认定。
以贪污、受贿、侵占、挪用等违法犯罪所得的货币出资后取得股权的，对违法犯罪行为予以追究、处罚时，应当采取拍卖或者变卖的方式处置其股权。
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Article 8 Where a capital contributor makes capital contribution with the right to use allocated land or the right to use the land on which encumbrance is set up, if the company, any other shareholder or the creditor of the company claims that the capital contributor has failed to fulfill his obligation of capital contribution, the people's court shall order the party to change the title of land or lift the encumbrance within a specified reasonable time limit; and if the party fails to do so within the prescribed time limit, the people's court shall determine that the contributor has failed to fully perform the obligation of capital contribution according to law.
| | 第八条 出资人以划拨土地使用权出资，或者以设定权利负担的土地使用权出资，公司、其他股东或者公司债权人主张认定出资人未履行出资义务的，人民法院应当责令当事人在指定的合理期间内办理土地变更手续或者解除权利负担；逾期未办理或者未解除的，人民法院应当认定出资人未依法全面履行出资义务。
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Article 9 Where a capital contributor makes capital contributions with non-monetary property which is not evaluated according to law, if the company, any other shareholder or the creditor of the company claims that the capital contributor has failed to fulfill the obligation of capital contribution, the people's court shall authorize a legally qualified evaluation institution to evaluate the property. If the price determined through evaluation is significantly lower than the price as fixed in the articles of association, the people's court shall determine that the capital contributor has failed to fully perform the obligation of capital contribution according to law.
| | 第九条 出资人以非货币财产出资，未依法评估作价，公司、其他股东或者公司债权人请求认定出资人未履行出资义务的，人民法院应当委托具有合法资格的评估机构对该财产评估作价。评估确定的价额显著低于公司章程所定价额的，人民法院应当认定出资人未依法全面履行出资义务。
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Article 10 Where a capital contributor makes capital contributions with such property as real estate, land use right or intellectual property right for which title registration needs to be handled, which has been delivered to the company for use but the formalities for title transfer have not been handled, if the company, any other shareholder or the creditor of the company claims that the capital contributor has failed to fulfill the obligation of capital contribution, the people's court shall order the party to transfer the title within a specified reasonable period; if the capital contributor transfers the title within the aforesaid period, the people's court shall determine that he has fulfilled the obligation of capital contribution; and if the capital contributor claims to enjoy the corresponding shareholders' rights since his actual delivery of property to the company for use, the people's court shall support such claim.
Where a capital contributor makes capital contributions with a property as prescribed in the preceding paragraph, and has transferred the title but has not delivered it to the company for use, if the company or any other shareholder claims that the capital contributor shall deliver the property to the company and shall not enjoy the corresponding shareholders' rights prior to the actual delivery, the people's court shall support such claim.
| | 第十条 出资人以房屋、土地使用权或者需要办理权属登记的知识产权等财产出资，已经交付公司使用但未办理权属变更手续，公司、其他股东或者公司债权人主张认定出资人未履行出资义务的，人民法院应当责令当事人在指定的合理期间内办理权属变更手续；在前述期间内办理了权属变更手续的，人民法院应当认定其已经履行了出资义务；出资人主张自其实际交付财产给公司使用时享有相应股东权利的，人民法院应予支持。
出资人以前款规定的财产出资，已经办理权属变更手续但未交付给公司使用，公司或者其他股东主张其向公司交付、并在实际交付之前不享有相应股东权利的，人民法院应予支持。
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Article 11 Where a capital contributor makes his capital contribution with the equity of another company, the people's court shall determine that the capital contributor has fulfilled the obligation of capital contribution if the following conditions are met:
| | 第十一条 出资人以其他公司股权出资，符合下列条件的，人民法院应当认定出资人已履行出资义务：
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(1) The equity contributed is legally held by the capital contributor and can be transferred according to law;
．．．．．． | | （一）出资的股权由出资人合法持有并依法可以转让；
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