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| Notice by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Health Commission, the State Administration for Market Regulation, and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration of Issuing the Provisions on the Compensation for Ecological and Environmental Damage | | 生态环境部、高法院、高检院、科技部、公安部、司法部、财政部、自然资源部、住房城乡建设部、水利部、农业农村部、卫生健康委、市场监管总局、林草局关于印发《生态环境损害赔偿管理规定》的通知 |
| (No. 31 [2022] of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment) | | （环法规〔2022〕31号） |
| The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，新疆生产建设兵团： |
| The Provisions on the Compensation for Ecological and Environmental Damage, which have been deliberated and adopted by the Central Commission for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, are hereby issued for your diligent implementation in light of the actual circumstances. | | 《生态环境损害赔偿管理规定》已经中央全面深化改革委员会审议通过。现印发给你们，请结合实际认真贯彻落实。 |
| Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | 生态环境部 |
| Supreme People's Court | | 高法院 |
| Supreme People's Procuratorate | | 高检院 |
| Ministry of Science and Technology | | 科技部 |
| Ministry of Public Security | | 公安部 |
| Ministry of Justice | | 司法部 |
| Ministry of Finance | | 财政部 |
| Ministry of Natural Resources | | 自然资源部 |
| Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development | | 住房城乡建设部 |
| Ministry of Water Resources | | 水利部 |
| Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs | | 农业农村部 |
| National Health Commission | | 卫生健康委 |
| State Administration for Market Regulation | | 市场监管总局 |
| National Forestry and Grassland Administration | | 林草局 |
| April 26, 2022 | | 2022年4月26日 |
| Provisions on the Compensation for Ecological and Environmental Damage | | 生态环境损害赔偿管理规定 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 These Provisions are developed in accordance with the Reform Plan for the Ecological and Environmental Damage Compensation System, the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, and other applicable laws and regulations for the purposes of regulating the compensation for ecological and environmental damage, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and building a beautiful China. | | 第一条 为规范生态环境损害赔偿工作，推进生态文明建设，建设美丽中国，根据《生态环境损害赔偿制度改革方案》和《中华人民共和国民法典》、《中华人民共和国环境保护法》等法律法规的要求，制定本规定。 |
| Article 2 Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the guidelines of the 19th CPC National Congress and all previous plenary sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee shall be fully implemented, Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization shall be thoroughly implemented, the overall leadership of the CPC shall be adhered to, the people-centered development thought shall be adhered to, the rule of law and administration according to law shall be adhered to, and with the goal of establishing an ecological and environmental damage compensation system featuring well-defined responsibilities, smooth channels, standardized technologies, effective guarantee, sufficient compensation, and effective remediation, environmental quality shall continue to be improved, and national ecological security shall be maintained, so as to constantly meet the people's growing needs for a better life, and build a beautiful China in which the people and nature live in harmony. | | 第二条 以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神，深入贯彻习近平生态文明思想，坚持党的全面领导，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，坚持依法治国、依法行政，以构建责任明确、途径畅通、技术规范、保障有力、赔偿到位、修复有效的生态环境损害赔偿制度为目标，持续改善环境质量，维护国家生态安全，不断满足人民群众日益增长的美好生活需要，建设人与自然和谐共生的美丽中国。 |
| Article 3 The compensation for ecological and environmental damage shall be carried out under the principles of promoting progress in accordance with the law, encouraging innovation, establishing a value for the environment, assuming liability for the damage caused, active negotiation, judicial protection, information sharing, and public supervision. | | 第三条 生态环境损害赔偿工作坚持依法推进、鼓励创新，环境有价、损害担责，主动磋商、司法保障，信息共享、公众监督的原则。 |
| Article 4 For the purposes of these Provisions, “ecological and environmental damage” means the adverse changes of environmental factors, such as the atmosphere, surface water, groundwater, soil, and forest, and biological factors, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms caused by environmental pollution or ecological damage, and the degradation of functions of an ecological system composed of the aforesaid factors. | | 第四条 本规定所称生态环境损害，是指因污染环境、破坏生态造成大气、地表水、地下水、土壤、森林等环境要素和植物、动物、微生物等生物要素的不利改变，以及上述要素构成的生态系统功能退化。 |
| Whoever causes ecological and environmental damage due to violation of the provisions of the state shall be legally held liable for compensating for ecological and environmental damage in accordance with the requirements of the Reform Plan for the Ecological and Environmental Damage Compensation System and these Provisions. | | 违反国家规定造成生态环境损害的，按照《生态环境损害赔偿制度改革方案》和本规定要求，依法追究生态环境损害赔偿责任。 |
| These Provisions shall not apply in the following circumstances: | | 以下情形不适用本规定： |
| (1) Where compensation is claimed for any personal injury or loss of personal or collective property, the provisions of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China and other laws on tort liability shall apply. | | （一）涉及人身伤害、个人和集体财产损失要求赔偿的，适用《中华人民共和国民法典》等法律有关侵权责任的规定； |
| (2) Where compensation is claimed for any damage to the marine ecology and environment, the Marine Environmental Protection Law and other applicable laws and relevant provisions shall apply. | | （二）涉及海洋生态环境损害赔偿的，适用海洋环境保护法等法律及相关规定。 |
| Article 5 The scope of compensation for ecological and environmental damage includes: | | 第五条 生态环境损害赔偿范围包括： |
| (1) losses resulting from the loss of service functions from the time when ecological and environmental damage is caused to the completion of remediation; | | （一）生态环境受到损害至修复完成期间服务功能丧失导致的损失； |
| (2) losses resulting from the permanent damage to ecological and environmental functions; | | （二）生态环境功能永久性损害造成的损失； |
| (3) expenses for the investigation, identification and assessment, among others, of ecological and environmental damage; | | （三）生态环境损害调查、鉴定评估等费用； |
| (4) expenses for pollutant removal and ecological and environmental remediation; and | | （四）清除污染、修复生态环境费用； |
| (5) reasonable expenses incurred to prevent the occurrence and aggravation of damage. | | （五）防止损害的发生和扩大所支出的合理费用。 |
| Article 6 The governments at the provincial or municipal (prefecture) level (including the governments at the district or county level under the jurisdiction of municipalities directly under the Central Government, here and below) as authorized by the State Council are the obligees of compensation (obligee) for ecological and environmental damage in their respective administrative regions. The obligee may, according to the division of relevant duties, designate the relevant department or institution to be responsible for the specific work. | | 第六条 国务院授权的省级、市地级政府（包括直辖市所辖的区县级政府，下同）作为本行政区域内生态环境损害赔偿权利人。赔偿权利人可以根据有关职责分工，指定有关部门或机构负责具体工作。 |
| Article 7 The obligee and the department or institution designated by the obligee shall conduct the following work: | | 第七条 赔偿权利人及其指定的部门或机构开展以下工作： |
| (1) Organizing on a periodical basis the screening of case clues and initiating case handling procedures in a timely manner. | | （一）定期组织筛查案件线索，及时启动案件办理程序； |
| (2) Entrusting identifications and assessments, initiating claim negotiations, and filing lawsuits as the plaintiff. | | （二）委托鉴定评估，开展索赔磋商和作为原告提起诉讼； |
| (3) Guiding the obligor of compensation (obligor) to restore the damaged ecology and environment on its own or entrusting a third-party social agency to do so, or organizing the remediation or alternative remediation in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. | | （三）引导赔偿义务人自行或委托社会第三方机构修复受损生态环境，或者根据国家有关规定组织开展修复或替代修复； |
| (4) Organizing the assessment of ecological and environmental remediation effects. | | （四）组织对生态环境修复效果进行评估； |
| (5) Conducting other relevant work. | | （五）其他相关工作。 |
| Article 8 Any entity or individual that has caused ecological and environmental damage due to violation of the provisions of the state shall be held liable for compensating for the ecological and environmental damage and shall make compensation according to the requirements and scope prescribed by the state. If any civil law provision and any law on resource and environmental protection, among others, provides for the exemption or mitigation of liability for compensation for ecological and environmental damage, such provisions shall apply. | | 第八条 违反国家规定，造成生态环境损害的单位或者个人，应当按照国家规定的要求和范围，承担生态环境损害赔偿责任，做到应赔尽赔。民事法律和资源环境保护等法律有相关免除或者减轻生态环境损害赔偿责任规定的，按相应规定执行。 |
| The obligor shall, in accordance with the law, actively cooperate in the investigation, identification and assessment, among others, of compensation for ecological and environmental damage, participate in claim negotiation, conduct remediation, and fully perform its compensation obligations. | | 赔偿义务人应当依法积极配合生态环境损害赔偿调查、鉴定评估等工作，参与索赔磋商，实施修复，全面履行赔偿义务。 |
| Article 9 The obligee and the department or institution designated by the obligee shall be entitled to request the obligor to assume the liability for compensation for the ecological and environmental damage within a reasonable period of time. | | 第九条 赔偿权利人及其指定的部门或机构，有权请求赔偿义务人在合理期限内承担生态环境损害赔偿责任。 |
| Any ecological and environmental damage that can be remedied shall be restored to the baseline level before the ecological and environmental damage or to the acceptable level of ecological and environmental risks. An obligor that conducts remediation by itself or through an entrusted party as required by a compensation agreement or an effective judgment shall, in accordance with the law, compensate for the loss arising from the loss of service functions during the period from the time when ecological and environmental damage is caused to the completion of remediation, as well as the relevant expenses within the scope of compensation for the ecological and environmental damage. | | 生态环境损害可以修复的，应当修复至生态环境受损前的基线水平或者生态环境风险可接受水平。赔偿义务人根据赔偿协议或者生效判决要求，自行或者委托开展修复的，应当依法赔偿生态环境受到损害至修复完成期间服务功能丧失导致的损失和生态环境损害赔偿范围内的相关费用。 |
| If the ecological and environmental damage is irreparable, the obligor shall compensate for the relevant losses and the relevant expenses within the scope of compensation for ecological and environmental damage according to law, or conduct alternative remediation in accordance with the laws, regulations, policies, and plans on ecological and environmental remediation, so as to realize the equivalent remediation of the ecology and environment and their service functions. | | 生态环境损害无法修复的，赔偿义务人应当依法赔偿相关损失和生态环境损害赔偿范围内的相关费用，或者在符合有关生态环境修复法规政策和规划的前提下，开展替代修复，实现生态环境及其服务功能等量恢复。 |
| Article 10 Where the obligor shall be held administratively or criminally liable for the same act of ecological and environmental damage, it shall not affect his or her liability for compensating for the ecological and environmental damage in accordance with the law. If the property of an obligor is insufficient the liability for compensating for ecological and environmental damage and pay an administrative or criminal fine, the obligor shall firstly assume the liability for compensating for ecological and environmental damage. | | 第十条 赔偿义务人因同一生态环境损害行为需要承担行政责任或者刑事责任的，不影响其依法承担生态环境损害赔偿责任。赔偿义务人的财产不足以同时承担生态环境损害赔偿责任和缴纳罚款、罚金时，优先用于承担生态环境损害赔偿责任。 |
| All local areas may, in light of the actual circumstances of the cases and in comprehensive consideration of social stability and public interest, conduct categorized disposal based on such factors as the obligor's subjective fault and operating status, and explore diversified methods for the obligor to make compensation by installments. | | 各地可根据案件实际情况，统筹考虑社会稳定、群众利益，根据赔偿义务人主观过错、经营状况等因素分类处置，探索分期赔付等多样化责任承担方式。 |
| Relevant state organs shall perform their duties according to law and shall not impose fines in lieu of compensation or compensation in lieu of penalties. | | 有关国家机关应当依法履行职责，不得以罚代赔，也不得以赔代罚。 |
| Article 11 Where the obligor actively fulfills its liability for compensating for the ecological and environmental damage, the relevant administrative organ or judicial organ may, in accordance with the law, take it as a circumstance for imposing a lighter or mitigated punishment or exempting the punishment. | | 第十一条 赔偿义务人积极履行生态环境损害赔偿责任的，相关行政机关和司法机关，依法将其作为从轻、减轻或者免予处理的情节。 |
| ．．．．．． | | ．．．．．． |
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