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| Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting Closer Civil-Military Integration in the National Defense Science and Technology Industry | | 国务院办公厅关于推动国防科技工业军民融合深度发展的意见 |
| (No. 91 [2017] of the General Office of the State Council) | | （国办发〔2017〕91号） |
| The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; and all ministries and commissions of the State Council, and all institutions directly under the State Council: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构： |
| The national defense science and technology industry is a key area in the development of civil-military integration (“CMI”), and an important component in the implementation of the CMI strategy. It plays a significant role in improving the quality of defense-related science and technology industry with Chinese characteristics, supporting the construction of armed forces for national defense, promoting the progress of science and technology, and serving the economic and social development. Now and for some time to come, CMI is facing and will face the opportunities of strategic importance; and it will evolve from initial integration to closer integration, and then to more rapid development. Hence, there are enormous potentials for CMI in the national defense science and technology industry. To promote deeper integration between military and civilians, the Opinions are hereby offered as follows with the consent of the State Council: | | 国防科技工业是军民融合发展的重点领域，是实施军民融合发展战略的重要组成部分，对提升中国特色先进国防科技工业水平、支撑国防军队建设、推动科学技术进步、服务经济社会发展具有重要意义。当前和今后一个时期是军民融合发展的战略机遇期，也是军民融合由初步融合向深度融合过渡、进而实现跨越发展的关键期，国防科技工业领域军民融合潜力巨大。为推动国防科技工业军民融合深度发展，经国务院同意，现提出以下意见： |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| 1. Guiding ideology | | （一）指导思想。 |
| Efforts shall be made to comprehensively fulfill the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress; uphold the guidelines of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; earnestly implement the policies and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council; coordinate the efforts to promote the “five-sphere integrated plan” and the “four-pronged comprehensive strategy”; stand firm and remain committed to the new development concept; focus on real problems and key areas under the guidance of the CMI strategy; improve policies and regulations and implement the reform measures; push forward the establishment of a scientific research and production system for weaponry and equipment that integrates military with civilian purposes and combines military with civilian efforts; allow military and civilian resources to share and support each other and be effectively commercialized; promote closer integration of military and civilian forces in national defense science and technology industry; and establish a leading system of defense-related science and technology industry with Chinese characteristics. | | 全面贯彻落实党的十九大精神，坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，认真落实党中央、国务院决策部署，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，牢固树立和贯彻落实新发展理念，以军民融合发展战略为引领，突出问题导向，聚焦重点领域，完善政策法规，落实改革举措，推进军民结合、寓军于民的武器装备科研生产体系建设，实现军民资源互通共享和相互支撑、有效转化，推动国防科技工业军民融合深度发展，建设中国特色先进国防科技工业体系。 |
| 2. Basic principles | | （二）基本原则。 |
| - State-led and market-based: strengthening the CMI policy guidance and system innovation in the national defense science and technology industry, improving relevant policies and breaking down industrial barriers, and supporting the exchange and sharing of military and civilian resources under the unified leadership of the Central Government; maximizing the role of market in resource allocation, stimulating the vitality of various market players, promoting fair competition, pursuing the rule of choosing superior over inferior, encouraging technological progress and industrial development, and accelerating the endeavor to bring into place an all-element, multi-domain and cost-efficient pattern of CMI. | | --国家主导，市场运作。在中央统一领导下，加强国防科技工业军民融合政策引导、制度创新，健全完善政策，打破行业壁垒，推动军民资源互通共享。充分发挥市场在资源配置中的作用，激发各类市场主体活力，推动公平竞争，实现优胜劣汰，促进技术进步和产业发展，加快形成全要素、多领域、高效益的军民融合深度发展格局。 |
| - Problem-oriented and pragmatic: working to remove the barriers to closer CMI in the defense-related science and technology industry, revolving around the key areas such as “use of military efforts for civilian purposes” and “civilian participation in military initiatives”, commercialization of technologies for both military and civilian purposes, and sharing of resources between military and civilian enterprises, focusing on major difficult problems of profound significance, and promoting a wider scope, a higher level and a deeper range of CMI development. | | --问题导向，务求实效。针对制约国防科技工业军民融合深度发展的障碍，围绕“军转民”、“民参军”、军民两用技术产业化、军民资源互通共享等重点领域，突出解决深层次和重点、难点问题，向更广范围、更高层次、更深程度推动军民融合发展。 |
| - Collaborative and step-by-step: maximizing the role of relevant departments and local governments, mobilizing the efforts of multiple entities, such as military industrial group companies, military scientific research institutes, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, private enterprises and other civilian-run entities, and forming a strong combined force with close cooperation among all parties concerned; attaching great importance to policy coordination, and promoting the implementation of policies one by one in an orderly manner. | | --协同推进，成熟先行。充分发挥有关部门和地方政府作用，调动军工集团公司、军队科研单位和中科院、高等学校以及包括民营企业在内的其他民口单位等多方面积极性，形成各方密切合作、协同推进的强大合力。注重政策统筹协调，有序推进，成熟一项、落实一项。 |
| II. Opening up wider in the military industry | | 二、进一步扩大军工开放 |
| 3. Promoting the structural adjustment in the scientific research and production of military products: breaking down the boundaries between military and civilian-run enterprises without considering their ownership structure, developing plans for the structural adjustment in the scientific research and production of military products, managing the scientific research and production capabilities of the entire society by categories, and establishing an open and specialized scientific research and production system for weapons and equipment with a few military enterprises as the core and a large number of civilian enterprises as the partners; allowing the state government to control the core capabilities; maximizing the role of state guidance and market system in key capabilities, encouraging competition, and supporting excellent and outstanding enterprises; and allowing a fully open and competitive environment for general capabilities. | | （三）推动军品科研生产能力结构调整。打破军工和民口界限，不分所有制性质，制定军品科研生产能力结构调整方案，对全社会军品科研生产能力进行分类管理，形成小核心、大协作、专业化、开放型武器装备科研生产体系。核心能力由国家主导；重要能力发挥国家主导和市场机制作用，促进竞争，择优扶强；一般能力完全放开，充分竞争。 |
| 4. Expanding cooperation between military and civilian enterprises: including the ratio of military products purchased from other enterprises and the ratio of products made by civilian enterprises in military industrial group companies as part of the statistics of the national defense science and technology industry; further improving the assessment indicator system for military enterprises, and further promoting the development of civilian products and the commercialization of technological achievements in the military industry; and regulating the efforts of military industrial group companies in acquiring civilian manufacturers of military products, preventing monopoly and unfair competition, and maintaining a good market competition order. | | （四）扩大军工单位外部协作。将军工集团公司军品外部配套率、民口配套率纳入国防科技工业统计。进一步完善军工企业考核指标体系，在保障国家战略、国防安全和完成重大专项任务的前提下，进一步推进民品开发和军工科技成果转化。规范军工集团公司对民口军品配套单位的收购行为，避免垄断和不公平竞争，维护市场良性竞争秩序。 |
| 5. Actively encouraging private investors to participate in the shareholding reform of military enterprises: revising the catalogue for guiding the shareholding reform of military enterprises by categories, dividing military enterprises into wholly state-owned enterprises, absolutely state-controlled enterprises, relatively state-controlled enterprises, and state holding enterprises, and supporting various qualified investors in participating in the shareholding reform of military enterprises under the premise of ensuring security and confidentiality except for certain special areas, such as strategic weapons; actively and steadily promoting the mixed ownership reform of military enterprise, encouraging qualified military enterprises to go public or inject military assets in listed companies, establishing a system of independent directors in military enterprises, and exploring the establishment of a special national management stock system according to the requirements for better governance, improved incentives, highlighted principal businesses and increased efficiency; and maximizing the exemplary role of the pilot program of mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises, and promoting the relevant experiences. | | （五）积极引入社会资本参与军工企业股份制改造。修订军工企业股份制改造分类指导目录，科学划分军工企业国有独资、国有绝对控股、国有相对控股、国有参股等控制类别，除战略武器等特殊领域外，在确保安全保密的前提下，支持符合要求的各类投资主体参与军工企业股份制改造。按照完善治理、强化激励、突出主业、提高效率的要求，积极稳妥推动军工企业混合所有制改革，鼓励符合条件的军工企业上市或将军工资产注入上市公司，建立军工独立董事制度，探索建立国家特殊管理股制度。充分发挥国有企业混合所有制改革试点示范带动作用，及时推广相关经验。 |
| 6. Improving the access and exit system for scientific research and production of weaponry and equipment: intensifying the reform of “simplification of administrative procedures, devolution of powers, combination of devolution and regulation, and optimization of services”, and promoting the construction of an access and exit system that is scientific, well-organized, secure and efficient; improving the dynamic adjustment system for the access and exit of scientific research and equipment of weapons and equipment, narrowing and optimizing the scope of license management, reducing the number of license items, and regulating the exit standards and processes; conducting joint examination on the scientific research and production license of weaponry and equipment as well as the qualification examination system for weaponry and equipment manufacturers, and promoting the integration of multiple certificates; regulating the classification, bidding and tendering activities for the scientific research and production of weapons and equipment, and no longer including non-state secret issues in the scope of an administrative license such as confidentiality qualification certification; and, for a project of scientific research and production of weaponry and equipment the manufacturer of which is not required to have a qualification, not taking the confidentiality qualification as a condition for biding and tendering activities. | | （六）完善武器装备科研生产准入退出机制。加大“放管服”改革力度，推进科学规范、安全高效的准入退出制度建设。健全武器装备科研生产准入退出动态调整机制，精简优化许可管理范围，减少许可项目数量，规范退出标准和流程。实行武器装备科研生产许可与武器装备承制单位资格两证联合审查，推进多证融合。规范武器装备科研生产定密和招投标工作，凡不属于国家秘密事项的，不再纳入保密资格认定等行政许可范围；凡不需要承制单位具有保密资格的武器装备科研生产项目，不得将保密资格作为招投标条件。 |
| 7. Encouraging competition in the scientific research and production of weaponry and equipment: meeting the requirements for purchasing competitive equipment, promoting the establishment of a combined system of system integrators, professional contractors and market suppliers, supporting the competition among sub-systems and auxiliary products, and clarifying the rules and requirements for all enterprises to purchase subsystems and auxiliary products; and improving the pricing policies of military products and the tax policies, creating a fair competition environment, and encouraging more competitive and intending civilian entities to participate in the competition in scientific research and production of weaponry and equipment. | | （七）推进武器装备科研生产竞争。适应竞争性装备采购要求，推动系统集成商、专业承包商、市场供应商体系建设，推进分系统及配套产品竞争，明确细化总体单位开展分系统和配套产品采购的规则要求。改进完善军品价格和税收政策，营造公平竞争环境，引导更多有优势、有意愿的民口单位参与武器装备科研生产竞争。 |
| III. Strengthening the sharing of resources and collaboration between military and civilian enterprises | | 三、加强军民资源共享和协同创新 |
| 8. Encouraging two-way opening and sharing of resources, such as technology innovation centers, equipment and facilities: further promoting the optimization, layout and construction of key laboratories for national defense science and technology, national defense key discipline laboratories, and innovation centers for national defense science and technology, and supporting the opening and sharing of innovation centers and laboratories by categories; strengthening the coordination of civilian entities in building technology innovation bases, encouraging the sharing of technology innovation resources, such as national laboratories and national key laboratories, releasing the list and catalogue of shared innovation centers, equipment and facilities, and developing administrative measures for opening and sharing resources; and gradually adding the equipment and facilities for national defense scientific research to the online management platform of national scientific research instruments and facilities, and increasing the level of opening and sharing under the premise of ensuring the security of state secrets. | | （八）推动科技创新基地和设备设施等资源双向开放共享。面向国防建设和经济建设两个需求，进一步推动国防科技重点实验室、国防重点学科实验室、国防科技工业创新中心优化布局与建设，并分类推进开放共享。加强民口科技创新基地建设统筹，促进国家实验室、国家重点实验室等科技创新资源共享，发布开放目录清单，制定开放共享管理办法。在确保国家秘密安全的前提下，逐步将国防科研设备设施纳入统一的国家科研仪器设施网络管理平台，提升开放共享水平。 |
| ．．．．．． | | ．．．．．． |
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