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Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels | | 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法 |
| (Adopted by the Fifth Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on April 3, 1992, amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision of the Tenth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress Concerning Amending Some Laws on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Concerning Amendment to the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Deputies to the Local People's Congresses, adopted at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on October 28, 2010; amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Organization Law of the People's Republic of China for Local People's Congresses at All Levels and Local People's Governments at All Levels, the Election Law of the People's Republic of China for the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels, adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on August 29, 2015; and amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision of the National People's Congress to Amend the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels, adopted at the 3rd Meeting of the Fourteenth National People's Congress on March 11, 2025) | | （1992年4月3日第七届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过 根据2009年8月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议《关于修改部分法律的决定》第一次修正 根据2010年10月28日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法〉的决定》第二次修正 根据2015年8月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法〉、〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会选举法〉、〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法〉的决定》第三次修正 根据2025年3月11日第十四届全国人民代表大会第三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表法〉的决定》第四次修正） |
| Contents | | 目录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level | | 第二章 代表在本级人民代表大会会议期间的工作 |
| Chapter III Activities of Deputies When the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level is not in Session | | 第三章 代表在本级人民代表大会闭会期间的活动 |
| Chapter IV Guarantees for the Performance of Functions as Deputies | | 第四章 代表执行职务的保障 |
| Chapter V Super Vision Over Deputies | | 第五章 对代表的监督 |
| Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions | | 第六章 附则 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution to ensure that deputies to the National People's Congress and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels exercise their functions and powers, fulfill their duties and play their roles, according to law and in their capacity as deputies. | | 第一条 为保证全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表依法行使代表的职权，履行代表的义务，发挥代表作用，根据宪法，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels shall be elected in accordance with the law. | | 第二条 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表依照法律规定选举产生。 |
| Deputies to the National People's Congress are members of the highest organ of state power, and deputies to local people's congresses at all levels are members of local organs of state power at all levels. | | 全国人民代表大会代表是最高国家权力机关组成人员，地方各级人民代表大会代表是地方各级国家权力机关组成人员。 |
| The term of office of deputies to the National People's Congress or a local people's congress at any level shall be five years, from the first session of the people's congress at the corresponding level to the first session of the next people's congress at the corresponding level. | | 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表每届任期五年，从每届本级人民代表大会举行第一次会议开始，到下届本级人民代表大会举行第一次会议为止。 |
| Article 3 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels shall uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, follow the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, unswervingly follow the socialist path of making political advance with Chinese characteristics, and participate in the exercise of state power according to various functions and powers vested in people's congresses at corresponding levels by the Constitution and laws and in compliance with the principle of democratic centralism. | | 第三条 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表应当坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，依照宪法和法律赋予本级人民代表大会的各项职权，遵循民主集中制原则，参加行使国家权力。 |
| Article 4 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels shall take effectively upholding, improving, and implementing the people's congress system as their duties, be firm in political stance, serve the people, respect the rule of law, promote democracy, act with due diligence, and actively perform their duties to contribute to the building of people's congresses at all levels and their standing committees into political organs that consciously uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, organs of state power that ensure that the people are masters of the country, working organs that comprehensively perform all duties vested by the Constitution and laws, and representative organs that always maintain close contact with the people. | | 第四条 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表应当以坚持好、完善好、运行好人民代表大会制度为己任，做到政治坚定、服务人民、尊崇法治、发扬民主、勤勉尽责，为各级人民代表大会及其常务委员会建设自觉坚持中国共产党领导的政治机关、保证人民当家作主的国家权力机关、全面担负宪法法律赋予的各项职责的工作机关、始终同人民群众保持密切联系的代表机关而积极履职。 |
| Article 5 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels shall adhere to a people-centered approach, practice the whole-process people's democracy, always maintain close contact with the people, faithfully represent the interests and will of the people, and voluntarily accept public oversight. | | 第五条 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表应当坚持以人民为中心，践行全过程人民民主，始终同人民群众保持密切联系，忠实代表人民的利益和意志，自觉接受人民监督。 |
| Article 6 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels shall be loyal to the Constitution, carry forward the spirit of the Constitution, safeguard the authority of the Constitution, safeguard the unity and dignity of the socialist legal system, and contribute to comprehensively advancing law-based governance and building a socialist country at a higher level under the rule of law. | | 第六条 全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会代表应当忠于宪法，弘扬宪法精神，维护宪法权威，维护社会主义法制的统一和尊严，为推进全面依法治国、建设更高水平的社会主义法治国家贡献力量。 |
| Article 7 Deputies shall be entitled to the following rights: | | 第七条 代表享有下列权利： |
| (1) Attending sessions of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, participating in the deliberation of all bills and proposals, reports and other issues, and putting forward their opinions; | | （一）出席本级人民代表大会会议，参加审议各项议案、报告和其他议题，发表意见； |
| (2) Jointly submitting bills and proposals, proposals for addressing inquiries, proposals of recall, etc. in accordance with law; | | （二）依法联名提出议案、质询案、罢免案等； |
| (3) Putting forward proposals, criticisms and opinions concerning any aspect of work; | | （三）提出对各方面工作的建议、批评和意见； |
| (4) Participating in all elections held by the people's congresses at the corresponding levels; | | （四）参加本级人民代表大会的各项选举； |
| (5) Participating in all votes held by the people's congresses at the corresponding levels; | | （五）参加本级人民代表大会的各项表决； |
| (6) Participating in activities that are uniformly organized for performing duties as a deputy during the period when the people's congress at the corresponding level is out of session; | | （六）参加本级人民代表大会闭会期间统一组织的履职活动； |
| (7) Obtaining information and various guarantees necessary for their performance of duties in accordance with the law; and | | （七）获得依法履职所需的信息资料和各项保障； |
| (8) Other rights as prescribed by law. | | （八）法律规定的其他权利。 |
| Article 8 Deputies shall perform the following duties: | | 第八条 代表应当履行下列义务： |
| (1) Playing an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and the laws and in keeping state secrets and, in the production, work or public activities which they take part in, assisting the implementation of the Constitution and the laws; | | （一）模范地遵守宪法和法律，保守国家秘密，在自己参加的生产、工作和社会活动中，协助宪法和法律的实施； |
| (2) Attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level on time, diligently deliberating on all proposals, reports, and other issues, offering their opinions, participating in elections and voting, observing the discipline of the meeting, and effectively completing all work during the session; | | （二）按时出席本级人民代表大会会议，认真审议各项议案、报告和其他议题，发表意见，参加选举和表决，遵守会议纪律，做好会议期间的各项工作； |
| (3) Taking the lead in publicizing and implementing the guidelines of the sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level; | | （三）带头宣传贯彻本级人民代表大会会议精神； |
| (4) Actively taking part in inspections, special surveys, law-enforcement inspections and other activities in relation to performance of their duties which are organized uniformly; | | （四）积极参加统一组织的视察、专题调研、执法检查等履职活动； |
| (5) Strengthening learning, investigation and research relating to the performance of duties and continuously enhancing the ability to perform duties; | | （五）加强履职学习和调查研究，不断提高履职能力； |
| (6) Maintaining close contact with the voters of the electoral districts or the electoral units that elected them and with the mass people, hearing and conveying their opinions and demands, and striving to serve the people; | | （六）与原选区选民或者原选举单位和人民群众保持密切联系，听取和反映他们的意见和要求，努力为人民服务； |
| (7) Taking the lead in practicing core socialist values, forging a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation, consciously observing public morality, and being honest and self-disciplined, fair and decent, as well as diligent and responsible; and | | （七）带头践行社会主义核心价值观，铸牢中华民族共同体意识，自觉遵守社会公德，廉洁自律，公道正派，勤勉尽责； |
| (8) Other duties as prescribed by law. | | （八）法律规定的其他义务。 |
| Article 9 Deputies' work carried out according to the provisions of this Law, when the people's congresses at the corresponding levels are in session, and their activities conducted according to the provisions of this Law, when the people's congresses at the corresponding levels are not in session, shall all constitute the performance of their functions as deputies. | | 第九条 代表依照本法的规定在本级人民代表大会会议期间的工作和在本级人民代表大会闭会期间的活动，都是执行代表职务。 |
| The State and society shall provide guarantees for deputies in their performance of functions as deputies. | | 国家和社会为代表执行代表职务提供保障。 |
| Deputies shall not be separate from their own production and work. When attending the sessions of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels, and participating in the performance of their duties organized uniformly when the people's congresses are not in session, deputies shall make good arrangements of their production and work and give priority to the performance of their duties as deputies. | | 代表不脱离各自的生产和工作。代表出席本级人民代表大会会议，参加闭会期间统一组织的履职活动，应当安排好本人的生产和工作，优先执行代表职务。 |
| Article 10 Deputies shall be subject to the supervision of the voters of the electoral districts or the electoral units that elected them. | | 第十条 代表受原选区选民或者原选举单位的监督。 |
| Article 11 The standing committee of a people's congress at or above the county level or the presidium of the people's congress of a township, ethnic township, or town shall maintain close contact with deputies, enrich the content and forms of deputies' contact with the people, strengthen their work capacity building, support and guarantee deputies' performance of their duties in accordance with the law, and give full play the role of deputies. | | 第十一条 县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会和乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会主席团应当密切同代表的联系，丰富代表联系人民群众的内容和形式，加强代表工作能力建设，支持和保障代表依法履职，充分发挥代表作用。 |
| People's governments at all levels, oversight commissions, people's courts, and people's procuratorates shall strengthen their contact with deputies, listen to their opinions and recommendations, and strengthen and improve their work in all aspects. | | 各级人民政府、监察委员会、人民法院、人民检察院应当加强同代表的联系，听取代表的意见和建议，加强和改进各方面工作。 |
| Article 12 The standing committee of a people's congress at or above the county level shall establish the deputy work committee as a working body of the standing committee. | | 第十二条 县级以上的各级人民代表大会常务委员会设立代表工作委员会，作为常务委员会的工作机构。 |
| Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level | | 第二章 代表在本级人民代表大会会议期间的工作 |
| Article 13 Deputies shall attend the sessions of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels on time. If a deputy can not attend a session due to health or any other special reason, he shall ask for leave in accordance with the relevant provisions. | | 第十三条 代表应当按时出席本级人民代表大会会议。代表因健康等特殊原因不能出席会议的，应当按照规定请假。 |
| Before attending a session held by the people's congress at the corresponding level, deputies shall listen to the opinions and demands of the people by various means, diligently study the proposals and reports to be submitted to the session for deliberation according to arrangements, and make good preparations for their performance of deputy duties during the session. | | 代表在出席本级人民代表大会会议前，应当通过多种方式听取人民群众的意见和要求，根据安排认真研读拟提请会议审议的议案和报告，为会议期间执行代表职务做好准备。 |
| Article 14 Deputies to the people's congress at or above the county level shall form delegations based on electoral units and administrative regions, among others. Deputies to the people's congress of a township, ethnic township, or town may form a delegation based on actual needs. | | 第十四条 县级以上的各级人民代表大会代表按照选举单位、行政区域等组成代表团。乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表根据实际需要，可以组成代表团。 |
| Deputies shall, as organized and arranged by the presidium and delegations, attend the plenary meetings of a session, plenary meetings and group meetings of the delegation, deliberate on all proposals, reports, and other issues that have been placed on the agenda of a session. | | 代表根据大会主席团、代表团的组织和安排，参加大会全体会议、代表团全体会议、小组会议，审议列入会议议程的各项议案、报告和其他议题。 |
| Deputies may attend, upon recommendation or invitation, and as nonvoting participants, meetings of the Presidium or meetings of the special committees and advance their opinions. | | 代表可以被推选或者受邀请列席主席团会议、专门委员会会议，发表意见。 |
| Deputies shall put forward opinions around the topics of the meetings and comply with the rules of procedure. | | 代表应当围绕会议议题发表意见，遵守议事规则。 |
| Article 15 Deputies have the right, in accordance with procedures prescribed by law, to submit to the people's congress at the corresponding level bills and proposals within the scope of its functions and powers. Bills and proposals submitted shall consist of subjects, grounds and schemes. | | 第十五条 代表有权依照法律规定的程序向本级人民代表大会提出属于本级人民代表大会职权范围内的议案。议案应当有案由、案据和方案。 |
| Whether a bill or proposal put forward by deputies according to law shall be placed on the agenda of a session shall be decided by the presidium of the people's congress at the corresponding level, or it shall be submitted to the relevant special committee for deliberation, which shall put forward opinions on whether to place it on the agenda of the session, before the presidium decides whether to place it on the agenda of the session. | | 代表依法提出的议案，由本级人民代表大会主席团决定是否列入会议议程，或者先交有关的专门委员会审议、提出是否列入会议议程的意见，再决定是否列入会议议程。 |
| Deliberations on a bill or proposal already placed on the agenda of a session shall be terminated upon approval by the Presidium of a request made by the sponsor deputy for its withdrawal before it is put to vote at the session. | | 列入会议议程的议案，在交付大会表决前，提出议案的代表要求撤回的，经主席团同意，会议对该项议案的审议即行终止。 |
| Article 16 Deputies to the National People's Congress have the right, in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Constitution, to submit to the National People's Congress bills on the amendment to the Constitution. | | 第十六条 全国人民代表大会代表，有权依照宪法规定的程序向全国人民代表大会提出修改宪法的议案。 |
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