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Notice of the State Council on Issuing the Planning for the Development of the Energy-Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry (2012-2020)
[Effective]
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国务院关于印发节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012―2020年)的通知
[现行有效]
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【法宝引证码】
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Notice of the State Council on Issuing the Planning for the Development of the Energy-Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry (2012-2020)
(No. 22 [2012] of the State Council)
The governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; the ministries and commissions under the State Council; and the institutions directly under the State Council:
The Planning for the Development of the Energy-Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry (2012-2020) is hereby issued for your implementation.
State Council
June 28, 2012
Planning for the Development of the Energy-Saving and New Energy Automobile Industry
(2012-2020)
The automobile industry is a major pillar industry for the national economy, and plays an important role in the national economy and social development. Along with the sustained and rapid growth of the Chinese economy and accelerated promotion of urbanization in China, the demand for automobiles will still keep growing in a relatively long period of time, and the resulting energy shortage and environmental pollution issues will become more conspicuous. To accelerate the fostering and development of energy-saving and new energy automobiles is not only an imperative task for effectively easing pressure on both energy and environment and promoting sustainable development of the automobile industry, but is also a strategic approach for accelerating the systemic transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry and fostering new economic growth points and advantages in international competition. To implement the State Council's decisions and arrangements for the development of strategic emerging industries and strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction and accelerate the fostering and development of the energy-saving and new energy automobile industry, this Planning has been formulated for the period of 2012-2020.
| | 国务院关于印发节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划（2012―2020年）的通知
（国发〔2012〕22号）
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：
现将《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划（2012-2020年）》印发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。
国务院
二○一二年六月二十八日
节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划
（2012―2020年）
汽车产业是国民经济的重要支柱产业，在国民经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用。随着我国经济持续快速发展和城镇化进程加速推进，今后较长一段时期汽车需求量仍将保持增长势头，由此带来的能源紧张和环境污染问题将更加突出。加快培育和发展节能汽车与新能源汽车，既是有效缓解能源和环境压力，推动汽车产业可持续发展的紧迫任务，也是加快汽车产业转型升级、培育新的经济增长点和国际竞争优势的战略举措。为落实国务院关于发展战略性新兴产业和加强节能减排工作的决策部署，加快培育和发展节能与新能源汽车产业，特制定本规划。规划期为2012-2020年。
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I. Current development and situation faced
New energy automobiles mean automobiles adopting new types of power systems that are fully and mainly reliant on drive by new types of energy. The new energy automobiles as referred to in this Planning mainly include battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. Energy-saving automobiles mean vehicles with the internal-combustion engine as the main power system and with the comprehensive operating mode fuel consumption superior to the target values for the next stage. The development of energy-saving and new energy automobiles is a major approach for reducing fuel consumption by automobiles, easing contradiction between the demand and supply of fuel oil, reducing exhaust fume emission, improving the atmospheric environment, and promoting technological progress, optimization and upgrading of the automobile industry.
Through research and development as well as demonstrative operation over nearly 10 years, the basis for industrialized development of new energy automobiles has shaped up in China, with great progress made in crucial technologies in terms of batteries, electric motors, electronic control and system integration, among others. Battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have been put on the market on a small scale. Over recent years, positive progress has been made in the promotion and application of energy-saving technologies for automobiles. Through the adoption of passenger vehicle fuel consumption limit standards, financial and taxation policies encouraging the purchase of low-emission vehicles, and other measures, the application of energy-saving technologies and products including advanced internal-combustion engines, efficient transmissions, lightweight materials, whole-unit vehicle optimal designing and hybrid power has been vigorously generalized, resulting in an obvious decline of the average fuel consumption by automobiles. Technologies for vehicles using alternative fuels including natural gas have been basically mature and been initially industrialized on a certain market scale. However, in general, new energy automobiles in China have not seen breakthrough in crucial technologies of assembled vehicles and some core parts and components, with high product costs and incomplete social support systems that restrict both industrialization and market-oriented development. Crucial core technologies for automobile energy saving have not been completely mastered. Fuel economy is still at a certain distance from advanced international standards. Market shares of energy-saving low-emission vehicles are on the low side.
In response to the increasingly conspicuous contradiction between supply and demand of fuel oil and environmental pollution issues, the world's leading automobile producing countries have accelerated their arrangements to regard the development of new energy automobiles as a national strategy and accelerate technological research and development and industrialization. Meanwhile, they have vigorously developed and promoted the application of energy-saving technologies for automobiles. The development of energy-saving and new energy automobiles has become an orientation of development of the international automobile industry. The next decade will usher in an important period of strategic opportunities for systemic transformation and upgrading of the global automobile industry. At present, the annual output and sales volumes of automobiles in China top the world and are expected to continue growing over a future period of time. Therefore, the opportunities must be seized and arrangements must be made promptly to accelerate the fostering and development of the energy-saving and new energy automobile industry, promote optimization and upgrading of the automobile industry, and realize a shift of China from a country with a large automobile industry to a country with a powerful automobile industry.
| | 一、发展现状及面临的形势
新能源汽车是指采用新型动力系统，完全或主要依靠新型能源驱动的汽车，本规划所指新能源汽车主要包括纯电动汽车、插电式混合动力汽车及燃料电池汽车。节能汽车是指以内燃机为主要动力系统，综合工况燃料消耗量优于下一阶段目标值的汽车。发展节能与新能源汽车是降低汽车燃料消耗量，缓解燃油供求矛盾，减少尾气排放，改善大气环境，促进汽车产业技术进步和优化升级的重要举措。
我国新能源汽车经过近10年的研究开发和示范运行，基本具备产业化发展基础，电池、电机、电子控制和系统集成等关键技术取得重大进步，纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车开始小规模投放市场。近年来，汽车节能技术推广应用也取得积极进展，通过实施乘用车燃料消耗量限值标准和鼓励购买小排量汽车的财税政策等措施，先进内燃机、高效变速器、轻量化材料、整车优化设计以及混合动力等节能技术和产品得到大力推广，汽车平均燃料消耗量明显降低；天然气等替代燃料汽车技术基本成熟并初步实现产业化，形成了一定市场规模。但总体上看，我国新能源汽车整车和部分核心零部件关键技术尚未突破，产品成本高，社会配套体系不完善，产业化和市场化发展受到制约；汽车节能关键核心技术尚未完全掌握，燃料经济性与国际先进水平相比还有一定差距，节能型小排量汽车市场占有率偏低。
为应对日益突出的燃油供求矛盾和环境污染问题，世界主要汽车生产国纷纷加快部署，将发展新能源汽车作为国家战略，加快推进技术研发和产业化，同时大力发展和推广应用汽车节能技术。节能与新能源汽车已成为国际汽车产业的发展方向，未来10年将迎来全球汽车产业转型升级的重要战略机遇期。目前我国汽车产销规模已居世界首位，预计在未来一段时期仍将持续增长，必须抓住机遇、抓紧部署，加快培育和发展节能与新能源汽车产业，促进汽车产业优化升级，实现由汽车工业大国向汽车工业强国转变。
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II. Guiding ideology and basic principles
| | 二、指导思想和基本原则
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1. Guiding ideology
With Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of “Three Represents” as the guide and with in-depth implementation of the Scientific Development Perspective, the fostering and development of the energy-saving and new energy automobile industry shall be taken as an important task for accelerating a shift of the mode of economic development. On the basis of the realities in China, by reliance on the existing industrial basis, and in light of the requirements of “market orientation, drive by innovation, realization of breakthrough at key points and coordinated development,” the roles of enterprises as the market players shall be maximized and policy support shall be strengthened to create a favorable development environment, improve the innovation and industrialization capacities of energy-saving and new energy automobiles, promote optimization and upgrading of the automobile industry, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the automobile industry.
| | （一）指导思想。
以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，把培育和发展节能与新能源汽车产业作为加快转变经济发展方式的一项重要任务，立足国情，依托产业基础，按照市场主导、创新驱动、重点突破、协调发展的要求，发挥企业主体作用，加大政策扶持力度，营造良好发展环境，提高节能与新能源汽车创新能力和产业化水平，推动汽车产业优化升级，增强汽车工业的整体竞争能力。
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2. Basic principles
Adherence to a combination between systemic transformation of the automobile industry and technological progress: The fostering and development of the new energy automobile industry shall be accelerated to promote technological transformation of the power system of automobiles toward electric drive. Overall planning shall be made and all factors shall be taken into consideration. While the new energy automobile industry is fostered and developed, energy-saving automobiles shall be vigorously promoted and popularized to promote technological upgrading of the automobile industry.
Adherence to a combination between independent innovation and open cooperation: Development through innovation shall be strengthened, and technological innovation shall be taken as the main driving force for promoting development of the energy-saving and new energy automobile industry in China. The formation of technologies, standards and brands with independent intellectual property rights shall be accelerated. Global resources of innovation shall be fully utilized, in-depth international technological cooperation and exchange shall be conducted, and new ways of cooperation shall be explored.
Adherence to a combination between government guidance and market drive: In the period of industrial fostering, the guiding role of planning and the incentive role of policies shall be fully used, and scientific-technological and industrial resources shall converge to encourage the development and production of energy-saving and new energy automobiles and guide market consumption. After the entry into the period of industry maturity, the role of the market to drive industrial development and the basic role of the market in allocation of resources shall be maximized to create a favorable market environment and promote a large-scale commercial application of energy-saving and new energy automobiles.
Adherence to a combination between industry fostering and strengthened industry support: With the development and production of assembled vehicles playing the leading role, the fostering and development of industrial chains, including power batteries, electric motors, automobiles electronics, advanced internal combustion engines, and highly efficient transmissions, among others, shall be accelerated. The construction of electric charging facilities shall be accelerated; the coordinated development of electric charging facilities, smart power grids and new energy industries shall be promoted; and marketing, after-sales service, and recycling of batteries shall be effectively developed to form a complete industrial support system.
| | （二）基本原则。
坚持产业转型与技术进步相结合。加快培育和发展新能源汽车产业，推动汽车动力系统电动化转型。坚持统筹兼顾，在培育发展新能源汽车产业的同时，大力推广普及节能汽车，促进汽车产业技术升级。
坚持自主创新与开放合作相结合。加强创新发展，把技术创新作为推动我国节能与新能源汽车产业发展的主要驱动力，加快形成具有自主知识产权的技术、标准和品牌。充分利用全球创新资源，深层次开展国际科技合作与交流，探索合作新模式。
坚持政府引导与市场驱动相结合。在产业培育期，积极发挥规划引导和政策激励作用，聚集科技和产业资源，鼓励节能与新能源汽车的开发生产，引导市场消费。进入产业成熟期后，充分发挥市场对产业发展的驱动作用和配置资源的基础作用，营造良好的市场环境，促进节能与新能源汽车大规模商业化应用。
坚持培育产业与加强配套相结合。以整车为龙头，培育并带动动力电池、电机、汽车电子、先进内燃机、高效变速器等产业链加快发展。加快充电设施建设，促进充电设施与智能电网、新能源产业协调发展，做好市场营销、售后服务以及电池回收利用，形成完备的产业配套体系。
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II. Technological lines and major targets
| | 三、技术路线和主要目标
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1. Technological lines
Drive with pure electric power shall be the main strategic orientation of the development of new energy automobiles and systemic transformation of the automobile industry. At present, priority shall be given to boosting the industrialization of battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and promoting and popularizing non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and energy-saving internal combustion engine vehicles to improve the overall technological capability of China's automobile industry.
| | （一）技术路线。
以纯电驱动为新能源汽车发展和汽车工业转型的主要战略取向，当前重点推进纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车产业化，推广普及非插电式混合动力汽车、节能内燃机汽车，提升我国汽车产业整体技术水平。
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2. Major targets
| | （二）主要目标。
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(1) Great progress made in industrialization: By 2015, the accumulated output and sales volume of battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles will have reached 500,000 vehicles. By 2020, the battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles production capacity will have reached 2 million vehicles, and the accumulated output and sales volume of battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles will have reached 5 million vehicles. By then, both fuel cell vehicles and the vehicle hydrogen energy industry will have been in synchronous development with the rest of the world.
| | 1.产业化取得重大进展。到2015年，纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车累计产销量力争达到50万辆；到2020年，纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车生产能力达200万辆、累计产销量超过500万辆，燃料电池汽车、车用氢能源产业与国际同步发展。
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(2) Obvious improvement of fuel economy: By 2015, the average fuel consumption of passenger vehicles produced in the year will have declined to 6.9 liters per 100 kilometers, with the average fuel consumption of the energy-saving type of passenger vehicles to drop to 5.9 liters per 100 kilometers or lower. By 2020, the average fuel consumption of passenger vehicles produced in the year will have declined to 5.0 liters per 100 kilometers, with the average fuel consumption of the energy-saving type of passenger vehicles to drop to 4.5 liters per 100 kilometers or lower. By then, the fuel consumption of new commercial vehicles will have been close to advanced international standards.
| | 2.燃料经济性显著改善。到2015年，当年生产的乘用车平均燃料消耗量降至6.9升/百公里，节能型乘用车燃料消耗量降至5.9升/百公里以下。到2020年，当年生产的乘用车平均燃料消耗量降至5.0升/百公里，节能型乘用车燃料消耗量降至4.5升/百公里以下；商用车新车燃料消耗量接近国际先进水平。
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(3) Substantial improvement of technological capability: The technologies of new energy automobiles, power batteries and crucial parts and components shall have, generally, reached the advanced international standards. Crucial core technologies for automobile energy saving in such fields as hybrid power, advanced internal combustion engines, highly efficient transmissions, automobile electronics and lightweight materials shall have been mastered. A number of relatively highly competitive energy-saving and new energy automobile enterprises shall have formed.
| | 3.技术水平大幅提高。新能源汽车、动力电池及关键零部件技术整体上达到国际先进水平，掌握混合动力、先进内燃机、高效变速器、汽车电子和轻量化材料等汽车节能关键核心技术，形成一批具有较强竞争力的节能与新能源汽车企业。
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(4) Obvious strengthening of the support capacity: The technological level and the scale of production of crucial parts and components shall have basically met the demand of the domestic market. The construction of electric charging facilities shall have been in compatibility with the output and sales volume of new energy automobiles and in satisfaction of demand for the operation of new energy automobiles in key regions or between cities.
．．．．．． | | 4.配套能力明显增强。关键零部件技术水平和生产规模基本满足国内市场需求。充电设施建设与新能源汽车产销规模相适应，满足重点区域内或城际间新能源汽车运行需要。
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