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Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution [Revised]
中华人民共和国大气污染防治法 [已被修订]
【法宝引证码】
 
  
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China

(No. 57)

The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, as adopted at the 22th Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China onSeptember 5, 1987, is hereby issued and shall come into force as of June 1, 1988.

President of the People's Republic of China: Li Xiannian

September 5, 1987

LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION
(Adopted at the 22nd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on September 5, 1987)
  
CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
 

中华人民共和国大气污染防治法
(1987年9月5日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第22次会议通过)


Article 1. This Law is formulated for the purpose of preventing and controlling atmospheric pollution, protecting and improving people's environment and the ecological environment, safeguarding human health, and promoting the development of socialist modernization.
 

第一章  总 则


Article 2. The State Council and the local people's governments at various levels must incorporate the protection of the atmospheric environment into the national economic and social development plans, make rational plans for the distribution of industry, strengthen scientific research on the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution, adopt preventive and curative measures against atmospheric pollution, and protect and improve the atmospheric environment.
  第一条 为防治大气污染,保护和改善生活环境和生态环境,保障人体健康,促进社会主义现代化建设的发展,制定本法。
Article 3. The environmental protection departments of the people's governments at various levels shall be the organs conducting unified supervision and management of the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution.
The administrative departments of public security, transportation, railways and fishery at various levels shall, by performing their respective functions, conduct supervision and management of the atmospheric pollution caused by motorized vehicles and vessels.
  第二条 国务院和地方各级人民政府,必须将大气环境保护工作纳入国民经济和社会发展计划,合理规划工业布局。加强防治大气污染的科学研究,采取防治大气污染的措施,保护和改善大气环境。
Article 4. Units that discharge atmospheric pollutants must comply with the relevant state provisions and take measures to prevent and control pollution.
  第三条 各级人民政府的环境保护部门是对大气污染防治实施统一监督管理的机关。
各级公安、交通、铁道、渔业管理部门根据各自的职责,对机动车船污染大气实施监督管理。
Article 5. All units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the atmospheric environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges against units or individuals that cause pollution to the atmospheric environment.
  第四条 向大气排放污染物的单位,必须遵守国家有关规定,并采取防治污染的措施。
Article 6. The environmental protection department under the State Council shall establish the national standards for atmospheric environment quality.
The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their local standards for items not specified in the national standards for atmospheric environment quality and report the same to the environmental protection department under the State Council for the record.
  第五条 任何单位和个人都有保护大气环境的义务,并有权对污染大气环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。
Article 7. The environmental protection department under the State Council shall, in accordance with the national standards for atmospheric environment quality and the country's economic and technological conditions, establish the national standards for the discharge of atmospheric pollutants.
The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may establish their local discharge standards for items not specified in the national standards for the discharge of atmospheric pollutants; with regard to items already specified in the national standards for the discharge of atmospheric pollutants, they may set local discharge standards which are more stringent than the national discharge standards and report the same to the environmental protection department under the State Council for the record.
Units that discharge atmospheric pollutants in areas where the local discharge standards have been established shall observe such local standards.
  第六条 国务院环境保护部门制定国家大气环境质量标准
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家大气环境质量标准中未作规定的项目,可以制定地方标准,并报国务环境保护部门备案。
Article 8. Units or individuals that have made outstanding achievements in the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution or in the protection and improvement of the atmospheric environment shall be rewarded by the people's governments at various levels.
  第七条 国务院环境保护部门根据国家大气环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件,制定国家大气污染物排放标准。
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家大气污染物排放标准中未作规定的项目,可以制定地方排放标准;对国家大气污染物排放标准中已作规定的项目,可以制定严于国家排放标准的地方排放标准。地方排放标准须报国务院环境保护部门备案。
凡是向已有地方排放标准的区域排放大气污染物的,应当执行地方排放标准。
CHAPTER II SUPERVISION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION
  第八条 在防治大气污染、保护和改善大气环境方面成绩显著的单位和个人,由各级人民政府给予奖励。
Article 9. New construction projects, extensions or reconstruction projects which discharge atmospheric pollutants shall be governed by the state provisions concerning environmental protection for such projects.
The environmental impact statement on a construction project must assess the atmospheric pollution the project is likely to produce and its impact on the ecosystem and stipulate the preventive and curative measures; the statement shall be submitted, according to the specified procedure, to the environmental protection department concerned for examination and approval.
When a construction project is to be put into operation or to use, its facilities for the prevention of atmospheric pollution must be inspected by the environmental protection department; construction projects that do not fulfil the requirements specified in the state provisions concerning environmental protection for such construction projects shall not be permitted to be put into operation or to use.
 

第二章 大气污染防治的监督管理


Article 10. Units that discharge atmospheric pollutants must, pursuant to the provisions of the environmental protection department under the State Council, report to the local environmental protection department its existing discharge and treatment facilities for pollutants and the categories, quantities and concentrations of pollutants discharged under normal operation conditions and submit to the same department the relevant technical data concerning the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution.
Units shall report in time on any substantial change in the categories, quantities or concentrations of the pollutants discharged. When pollutant treatment facilities are to be dismantled or left idle, permission from the local environmental protection department must be obtained.
  第九条 新建、扩建、改建向大气排放污染物的项目,必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。
建设项目的环境影响报告书,必须对建设项目可能产生的大气污染和对生态环境的影响作出评价,规定防治措施,并按照规定的程序报环境保护部门审查批准。
建设项目投入生产或者使用之前,其大气污染防治设施必须经过环境保护部门检验,达不到国家有关建设项目环境保护管理规定的要求的建设项目,不得投入生产或者使用。
Article 11. If the discharge of pollutants by a unit exceeds the prescribed standards, it shall take effective measures to control the pollution and pay a fee for excessive discharge according to state provisions. The fee thus levied must be used for the prevention and control of pollution.
If an enterprise or institution causes severe atmospheric pollution, it shall be ordered to eliminate and control the pollution within a certain period of time.
  第十条 向大气排放污染物的单位,必须按照国务院环境保护部门规定,向所在地的环境保护部门申报拥有的污染物排放设施、处理设施和在正常作业条件下排放污染物的种类、数量、浓度,并提供防治大气污染方面的有关技术资料。
排放污染物的种类、数量、浓度有重大改变的,必须及时申报。拆除或者闲置污染物处理设施的,应当征得所在地的环境保护部门同意。
Article 12. Within the scenic or historic sites, nature reserves and other zones that need special protection, as designated by the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, no industrial production installations that cause environmental pollution shall be built; other installations to be built in these areas must not exceed the prescribed standards for pollutant discharge. Enterprises and institutions which, before the enforcement of this Law, have built installations discharging more pollutants than are specified by the prescribed discharge standards shall be ordered to eliminate and control such pollution within a certain period of time.
  第十一条 向大气排放污染物的单位,超过规定的排放标准的,应当采取有效措施进行治理,并按照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费。征收的超标准排污费必须用于污染防治。
对造成大气严重污染的企业事业单位,限期治理。
Article 13. For enterprises or institutions under the jurisdiction of a people's government at or below the city or county level, a deadline for the elimination or control of pollution shall be proposed by the environmental protection department of the people's government at the city or county level and shall be reported to the people's government at the corresponding level for decision. For enterprises and institutions directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government or the people's government of a province, an autonomous region or a municipality directly under the Central Government, such a deadline shall be proposed by the environmental protection department of the people's government of a province, an autonomous region or a municipality directly under the Central Government and shall be reported to the people's government at the corresponding level for decision.
  第十二条 在国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府划定的风景名胜区、自然保护区和其他需要特别保护的区域内,不得建设污染环境的工业生产设施;建设其他设施,其污染物排放不得超过规定的排放标准。在本法施行前企业事业单位已经建成的设施,其污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的,限期治理。
Article 14. Any unit that, as a result of an accident or any other exigency, discharges or leaks toxic or harmful gas or radioactive substances, thereby causing or threatening to cause an accident of atmospheric pollution and jeopardize human health, must promptly take emergency measures to prevent and control the atmospheric pollution hazards, make the situation known to such units and inhabitants as are likely to be endangered by the atmospheric pollution hazards, report the case to the local environmental protection department and accept its investigation and disposal.
Under the urgent circumstances of a severe atmospheric pollution that jeopardizes human health and safety, the local people's government must take compulsory emergency measures, including ordering the pollutant discharging units concerned to stop the discharge of pollutants.
  第十三条 市、县或者市、县以下人民政府管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理,由市、县人民政府的环境保护部门提出意见,报同级人民政府决定。中央或者省、自治区、协调人民政府直接管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理,由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的环境保护部门提出意见,报同级人民政府决定。
Article 15. The environmental protection departments and other supervisory and management departments shall be empowered to make on-site inspections of units under their jurisdiction that discharge pollutants. The units being inspected must truthfully report the situation to them and provide them with the necessary information. The inspecting authorities shall have the obligation to keep confidential the technological know-how and business secrets of the units inspected.
  第十四条 因发生事故或者其他突然性事件,排放和泄漏有毒有害气体和放射性物质,造成或者可能造成大气污染事故,危害人体健康的单位,必须立即采取防治大气污染危害的应急措施,通报可能受到大气污染危害的单位和居民,并报告当地环境保护部门,接受调查处理。
在大气受到严重污染,危害人体健康和安全的紧急情况下,当地人民政府必须采取强制性应急措施,包括责令有关排污单位停止排放污染物。
Article 16. The environmental protection department under the State Council shall set up a monitoring system for atmospheric pollution, organize a monitoring network and work out unified monitoring measures.
  第十五条 环境保护部门和其他监督管理部门有权对管辖范围内的排污单位进行现场检验,被检查单位必须如实反映情况,提供必要的资料。检查部门有义务为被检查单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
CHAPTER III PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF SOOT POLLUTION
  第十六条 国务院环境保护部门应当建立大气污染监测制度,组织监测网络,制定统一的监测方法。
Article 17. The competent department concerned under the State Council shall, pursuant to the standards for boiler soot discharge prescribed by the state, stipulate corresponding requirements in the boiler quality standards; boilers that do not meet the prescribed requirements shall not be permitted to be manufactured, sold or imported.
 

第三章 防治烟尘污染


Article 18. The soot discharge of newly-built industrial kilns and newly-installed boilers shall not exceed the prescribed discharge standards.
  第十七条 国务院有关主管部门应当根据国家规定的锅炉烟尘排放标准,在锅炉产品质量标准中规定相应的要求;达不到规定要求的锅炉,不得制造、销售或者进口。
Article 19. Urban construction shall be conducted on the basis of over-all planning, the unified provision of heat sources and the development of central heating.
  第十八条 新建造的工业窑炉、新安装的锅炉,烟尘排放不得超过规定的排放标准。
Article 20. The relevant departments under the State Council and the local people's governments at various levels shall adopt measures to improve the urban fuel structure, develop urban gas supply, and popularize the production and utilization of shaped coal.
  第十九条 城市建设应当统筹规划,统一解决热源,发展集中供热。
Article 21. When coal, gangue, coal cinder, coal ashes or lime is stored in densely inhabited areas, fire and dust prevention measures must be taken in order to prevent atmospheric pollution.
  第二十条 国务院有关部门和地方各级人民政府应当采取措施,改进城市燃料结构,发展城市煤气,推广成型煤的生产和使用。
CHAPTER IV PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION BY WASTE GAS, DUST AND MALODOROUS SUBSTANCES
  第二十一条 在人口集中地区存放煤炭、煤矸石、煤渣、煤渣、煤灰、石灰,必须采取防燃、防尘措施,防止污染大气。
Article 22. The discharge of toxic waste gas and dust into the atmosphere shall be strictly restricted. When such discharge is really necessary, the discharged gas or dust shall undergo purification treatment and shall not exceed the prescribed discharge standards.
 

第四章 防治废气、粉尘和恶臭污染


Article 23. Inflammable gas engendered during industrial production shall be recovered for utilization; if such gas is discharged into the atmosphere due to the absence of the means of recovery for utilization, it shall undergo treatment for the prevention and control of pollution.
The discharge into the atmosphere of converter gas, acetylene, yellow phosphoric tail gas engendered by the electric furnace process, and organic hydrocarbon tail gas must be reported to the local environmental protection department for approval.
When the discharge of inflammable gas is really necessary because of the malfunctioning of the recovery and re-use installations, the inflammable gas discharged shall be fully burnt, or other measures shall be taken, to reduce atmospheric pollution.
  第二十二条 严格限制向大气排放含有毒物质的废气和粉尘;确需排放的,应当经过净化处理,不得超过规定的排放标准。
Article 24. Units that discharge sulphide-bearing gas in the process of refining petroleum, producing synthetic ammonia or coal gas, coking fuel coal and smelting non-ferrous metal shall be equipped with desulphurizing installations or shall adopt other measures for desulphurization.
  第二十三条 工业生产中产生的可燃性气体应当回收利用,不具备回收利用条件而向大气排放的,应当进行防治污染处理。
向大气排放转炉气、电石气、电炉法黄磷尾气、有机烃类尾气的,须报当地环境保护部门批准。
因回收利用装置不能正常作业确需排放可燃性气的,应当将排放的可燃性气体充分燃烧或者采取其他减轻大气污染的措施。
Article 25. The discharge of gases and aerosols containing radioactive substances into the atmosphere must comply with state provisions on radioactivity protection and must not exceed the prescribed discharge standards.
  第二十四条 炼制石油、生产合成氨、煤气和煤炭焦化、有色金属冶炼过程中排放含有硫化物气体的,应当配备脱硫装置或者采取其他脱硫措施。
Article 26. Units that discharge malodorous gases into the atmosphere must take measures to prevent the pollution of neighboring residential areas.
  第二十五条 向大气排放含放射性的物质的气体和气溶胶,必须符合国家有关放射性防护的规定,不得超过规定的排放标准。
Article 27. Units that discharge dust into the atmosphere must adopt measures to remove such dust.
  第二十六条 向大气排放含恶臭气体的排污单位,必须采取措施防止周围居民区受到污染。
Article 28. The burning of asphalt, asphalt felt, rubber, plastics, leather and other materials that may produce toxic or harmful smoke or dust or malodorous gases in densely inhabited areas shall be prohibited; when, under special circumstances, such burning is really necessary, it must be reported to the local environmental protection department for approval.
  第二十七条 向大气排放粉尘的排污单位,必须采取除尘措施。
Article 29. In the transportation, loading and unloading, and storage of substances that may diffuse toxic or harmful gases or dust, sealing or other protective measures must be taken.
  第二十八条 禁止在人口集中地区焚烧沥青、油毡、橡胶、塑料、皮革以及其他产生有毒有害烟尘和恶臭气体的物质;特殊情况下确需焚烧的,须报当地环境当地保护部门批准。
Article 30. Motorized vehicles and vessels shall not be permitted to discharge atmospheric pollutants in excess of the prescribed discharge standards; measures shall be taken to deal with motorized vehicles and vessels that discharge atmospheric pollutants in excess of the prescribed discharge standards. Automobiles that discharge pollutants in excess of the national discharge standards shall not be permitted to be manufactured, sold or imported. Specific measures for supervision and management shall be formulated by the State Council.
  第二十九条 运输、装卸、贮存能够散发有毒有害气体或者粉尘的物质,必须采取密闭措施或者其他防护措施。
CHAPTER V LEGAL LIABILITY
  第三十条 机动车船向大气排放污染物不得超过规定的排放标准,对超过规定的排放标准的机动车船,应当采取治理措施。污染物排放超过国家规定的排放标准的汽车,不得制造、销售或者进口。具体监督管理办法由国务院规定。
Article 31. Any violator of this Law shall, according to the circumstances of the case, be warned or fined by the competent environmental protection department or another supervisory and management department for any of the following acts:
 

第五章 法律责任


(1) refusing to report or submitting a false report on items for which registration is required by the environmental protection department under the State Council for the discharge of pollutants;
  第三十一条 违反本法规定,有下列行为之一的,环境保护部门或者其他监督管理部门可以根据不同情节,给予警告或者处以罚款;
(2) dismantling or leaving idle the installations for the prevention and control of pollutants without prior approval by the environmental protection department, or discharging pollutants in excess of the prescribed discharge standards;
 (一)拒报或者谎报国务院环境保护部门规定的有关污染物排放申报事项的;
(3) refusing an on-site inspection by the competent environmental protection department or another supervisory and management department, or resorting to trickery and fraud during inspection;
 (二)未经环境保护部门同意,擅自拆除或者闲置污染物防治设施,污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的;
(4) burning, in violation of Article 28 of this Law, asphalt, asphalt felt and other substances that produce toxic or harmful smoke or dust or malodorous gases in densely inhabited areas; or
 (三)拒绝环境保护部门或者其他监督管理部门现场检查或者在被检查时弄虚作假的;
(5) failing to pay, according to state provisions, the fee for excessive discharge of pollutants.
 (四)违反本法第二十八条规定,在人口集中地区焚烧沥青、油毡以及其他产生有毒有害烟尘和恶臭气体的物质的;
Article 32. When a construction project is put into operation or to use in circumstances where its facilities for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution either have not been completed or fail to meet the requirements specified in the state provisions concerning environmental protection for such a construction project, the environmental protection department responsible for the examination and approval of the environmental impact statement on the construction project shall order the suspension of its operations or use and may concurrently impose a fine.
 (五)不按国家规定缴纳超标准打破常规费的。
Article 33. An enterprise or institution that has failed to eliminate or control pollution by the deadline as required shall, as provided for by the state, pay a fee for excessive discharge; in addition, a fine may be imposed on it on the basis of the damage incurred, or the enterprise or institution may be ordered to suspend its operations or close down.


The fine shall be decided by the competent environmental protection department. An order for the suspension of operations or shut-down of an enterprise or institution shall be issued by the people's government that set the deadline for the elimination or control of pollution. An order for the suspension of operations or shut-down of an enterprise or institution directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Government shall be submitted to and approved by the State Council.

  第三十二条 建设项目的大气污染防治设施没有建成或者没有达到国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定的要求,投入生产或者使用的,由审批该建设项目的环境影响报告书的环境保护部门责令停止生产或者使用,可以并处罚款。
Article 34. An enterprise or institution which causes an atmospheric pollution accident through violation of this Law shall be fined by the competent environmental protection department on the basis of the damage incurred. In serious cases, the persons responsible shall be subject to administrative sanctions by the unit to which they belong or by a higher competent authority.
  第三十三条 对经限期治理逾期未完成治理任务的企业事业单位,除按照国家规定加收超标准排污费外,可以根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款,或者责令停业、关闭。
罚款由环境保护部门决定。责令停业、关闭,由作出限期治理决定的人民政府决定;责令中央直接管辖的企业事业单位停业、关闭,须报国务院批准。
Article 35. A party refusing to accept the decision on administrative sanction may bring a suit before a people's court within 15 days of receiving the notification on such a decision. If, upon the expiration of this period, the party has neither brought a suit nor complied with the decision, the organ which imposed the sanction may apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement.
  第三十四条 对违反本法规定、造成大气污染事故的企业事业单位,由环境保护部门根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款;情节较重的,对有关责任人员,由所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分。
Article 36. A unit that has caused an atmospheric pollution hazard shall have the responsibility of removing the hazard and of making compensation to the units or individuals that have suffered direct losses.
A dispute over the liability to make compensation or the amount of compensation may, at the request of the parties, be settled by an environmental protection department; if a party refuses to accept the decision, it may bring a suit before a people's court. The party may also bring a suit before the people's court directly.
  第三十五条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可以在收到处罚决定通知之日起十五日内,向人民法院起诉;期满不起诉又不履行的,由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
Article 37. If atmospheric pollution losses result directly from irresistable natural disasters which cannot be averted even after reasonable measures have been promptly taken, the party concerned shall be exempted from liability.
  第三十六条 造成大气污染危害的单位,有责任排除危害,并对直接遭受损失的单位或者个人赔偿损失。
赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷,可以根据当事人的请求,由环境保护部门处理;当事人对处理决定不服的,可以向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
Article 38. Should a serious atmospheric pollution accident occur that leads to any grave consequences of heavy public or private property losses or serious personal injuries or deaths, the criminal liability of the persons responsible for such an accident may be investigated by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 115 or Article 187 of the Criminal Law.
  第三十七条 完全由于不可抗拒的自然灾害,并经及时采取合理措施,仍然不能避免造成大气污染损失的,免于承担责任。
Article 39. Any supervisory and management person for environmental protection who commits abuse of power or neglect of duty shall be subject to administrative sanction; if his act constitutes a crime, his criminal liability shall be investigated according to law.
  第三十八条 造成重大大气污染事故,导致公私财产重大损失或者人身伤亡的严重后果的,对有关责任人员可以比照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百一十五条或者第一百八十七条的规定,追究刑事责任。
CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
  第三十九条 环境保护监督管理人员滥用职权、玩忽职守的,给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追刑事责任。
Article 40. The environmental protection department under the State Council shall, in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall be put into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
 

第六章 附则


Article 41. This Law shall come into force as of June 1, 1988.

  第四十条 国务院环境保护部门根据本法制定实施细则,报国务院批准施行。
  第四十一条 本法自1988年6月1日起施行。
     
     
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