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Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China
(Adopted at the Third Session of the Eighth National People's Congress on March 18,1995. Amended according to the Decisions on Revising the “Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China” at the Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on December 27,2003)
| | 中华人民共和国中国人民银行法
（1995年3月18日第八届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过 根据2003年12月27日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改＜中华人民共和国中国人民银行法＞的决定》修正）
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Contents
| | 目录
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Chapter I General Provisions
| | 第一章 总则
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Chapter II Organization
| | 第二章 组织机构
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Chapter III Renminbi
| | 第三章 人民币
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Chapter IV Business Operation
| | 第四章 业务
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Chapter V Supervision and Control over the Banking Industry
| | 第五章 金融监督管理
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Chapter VI Finance and Accounting
| | 第六章 财务会计
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Chapter VII Legal Liabilities
| | 第七章 法律责任
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Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
| | 第八章 附则
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Chapter I General Provisions
| | 第一章 总则
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Article 1 This Law is hereby formulated for the purpose of establishing the status of the People's Bank of China (PBC), clarifying its functions, ensuring the correct enactment and implementation of the state monetary policies, and establishing and perfecting a macro-control system through the central bank, as well as maintaining the stability of banking industry.
| | 第一条 为了确立中国人民银行的地位，明确其职责，保证国家货币政策的正确制定和执行，建立和完善中央银行宏观调控体系，维护金融稳定，制定本法。
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Article 2 The PBC is the central bank of the People's Republic of China.
As the central bank, the PBC shall formulate and implement monetary policies, prevent and dissolve financial risks, and maintain the stability of banking industry in the country under the leadership of the State Council.
| | 第二条 中国人民银行是中华人民共和国的中央银行。
中国人民银行在国务院领导下，制定和执行货币政策，防范和化解金融风险，维护金融稳定。
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Article 3 The aim of monetary policies is to maintain the stability of the value of currency and thereby promote economic growth.
| | 第三条 货币政策目标是保持货币币值的稳定，并以此促进经济增长。
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Article 4 The PBC shall perform the following functions:
| | 第四条 中国人民银行履行下列职责：
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1.Promulgating and implementing orders and regulations in relation to its functions;
| | （一）发布与履行其职责有关的命令和规章；
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2. Formulating and implementing monetary policies in accordance with the law;
| | （二）依法制定和执行货币政策；
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3.Issuing Renminbi (RMB) and control its circulation;
| | （三）发行人民币，管理人民币流通；
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4.Supervising the inter-bank borrowing or lending market and inter-bank bonds markets;
| | （四）监督管理银行间同业拆借市场和银行间债券市场；
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5.Administering foreign exchange, and supervising inter-bank foreign exchange market;
| | （五）实施外汇管理，监督管理银行间外汇市场；
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6.Supervising gold market;
| | （六）监督管理黄金市场；
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7.Holding, controlling and managing the state foreign exchange reserve and gold reserve;
| | （七）持有、管理、经营国家外汇储备、黄金储备；
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8.Managing the state treasury;
| | （八）经理国库；
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9.Maintaining the normal operation of the systems for payments and settlements of accounts;
| | （九）维护支付、清算系统的正常运行；
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10.Directing and disposing the anti-money-laundering work of the financial industry, being responsible for capital supervision and measurement over anti-money-laundering;
| | （十）指导、部署金融业反洗钱工作，负责反洗钱的资金监测；
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11.Being responsible for the statistics, investigation, analysis, and forecasting of the financial industry;
| | （十一）负责金融业的统计、调查、分析和预测；
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12. Undertaking the relevant international banking operations as the central bank of the state; and
| | （十二）作为国家的中央银行，从事有关的国际金融活动；
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13. Other functions assigned to it by the State Council.
In order to implement monetary policies, the PBC may carry out financial operations in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter IV of this Law.
| | （十三）国务院规定的其他职责。
中国人民银行为执行货币政策，可以依照本法第四章的有关规定从事金融业务活动。
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Article 5 The PBC shall report to the State Council its decisions concerning the annual supply of currency, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and other major issues specified by the State Council for approval before implementation.
The PBC shall, after making decisions on matters concerning monetary policies other than those as specified in the preceding paragraph, carry them out immediately, and then report them to and put them on record at the State Council.
| | 第五条 中国人民银行就年度货币供应量、利率、汇率和国务院规定的其他重要事项作出的决定，报国务院批准后执行。
中国人民银行就前款规定以外的其他有关货币政策事项作出决定后，即予执行，并报国务院备案。
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Article 6 The PBC shall submit to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress a report on monetary policies and the operation of the financial industry.
| | 第六条 中国人民银行应当向全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出有关货币政策情况和金融业运行情况的工作报告。
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Article 7 The PBC shall, under the guidance of the State Council, independently implement monetary policies, perform its functions and carry out its operations according to law free from any intervention of local governments, departments of governments at all levels, public organizations or individuals.
| | 第七条 中国人民银行在国务院领导下依法独立执行货币政策，履行职责，开展业务，不受地方政府、各级政府部门、社会团体和个人的干涉。
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Article 8 All capital of the PBC shall be allocated by the state and owned by the state.
| | 第八条 中国人民银行的全部资本由国家出资，属于国家所有。
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Article 9 The State Council shall establish a financial supervision and administration coordination mechanism, and shall formulate the specific measures for it.
| | 第九条 国务院建立金融监督管理协调机制，具体办法由国务院规定。
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Chapter II Organization
| | 第二章 组织机构
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Article 10 The PBC shall have one governor and a certain number of deputy governors.
The governor of PBC shall be nominated by the Premier of the State Council, and affirmed by the National People's Congress for the post. Whereas the National People's Congress is not in session, he or she shall be affirmed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and appointed or removed by the president of the People's Republic of China for the post. The deputy governors of the PBC shall be appointed or removed by the Premier of the State Council.
| | 第十条 中国人民银行设行长一人，副行长若干人。
中国人民银行行长的人选，根据国务院总理的提名，由全国人民代表大会决定；全国人民代表大会闭会期间，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定，由中华人民共和国主席任免。中国人民银行副行长由国务院总理任免。
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Article 11 The PBC shall institute a system in which the governor assumes the full responsibility. The governor shall direct the work of the PBC and the deputy governors shall assist the governor in his or her work.
| | 第十一条 中国人民银行实行行长负责制。行长领导中国人民银行的工作，副行长协助行长工作。
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Article 12 The PBC shall establish a monetary policy committee whose functions, composition and working procedures shall be prescribed by the State Council and reported to and put on records at the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
The monetary policy committee of the PBC shall play an important role in the state macro-control, and in the formulation and adjustment of monetary policies.
| | 第十二条 中国人民银行设立货币政策委员会。货币政策委员会的职责、组成和工作程序，由国务院规定，报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。
中国人民银行货币政策委员会应当在国家宏观调控、货币政策制定和调整中，发挥重要作用。
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Article 13 The PBC shall, upon the need of performing its functions, establish branches as its representative organs, and exercise centralized and unified leadership and control over these branches.
The branches of the PBC shall, upon the authorization of the PBC, be responsible for maintaining the stability of financial industry and handling the relevant business operations in the areas under their respective jurisdictions.
| | 第十三条 中国人民银行根据履行职责的需要设立分支机构，作为中国人民银行的派出机构。中国人民银行对分支机构实行统一领导和管理。
中国人民银行的分支机构根据中国人民银行的授权，维护本辖区的金融稳定，承办有关业务。
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Article 14 The governor, deputy governors and other staff of the PBC shall be diligent in performing their functions, and may not abuse their power and conduct malpractice for gaining private interests, or hold posts concurrently in any other banking institution, enterprise or foundation.
| | 第十四条 中国人民银行的行长、副行长及其他工作人员应当恪尽职守，不得滥用职权、徇私舞弊，不得在任何金融机构、企业、基金会兼职。
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Article 15 The governor, deputy governors and other staff of the PBC shall keep state secrets according to law and have the duty to keep secrets of the banking institutions and the clients in relation to their performance of functions.
| | 第十五条 中国人民银行的行长、副行长及其他工作人员，应当依法保守国家秘密，并有责任为与履行其职责有关的金融机构及当事人保守秘密。
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Chapter III Renminbi
| | 第三章 人民币
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Article 16 The legal tender of the PBC is Renminbi (RMB). Renminbi shall be used for repaying all public or private debts according to its face value within the territory of the People's Republic of China, and no organization or individual may refuse to accept.
| | 第十六条 中华人民共和国的法定货币是人民币。以人民币支付中华人民共和国境内的一切公共的和私人的债务，任何单位和个人不得拒收。
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Article 17 The basic unit of Renminbi is Yuan and the units of fractional currency of Renminbi are Jiao and Fen.
| | 第十七条 人民币的单位为元，人民币辅币单位为角、分。
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Article 18 Renminbi shall be printed, minted and issued uniformly by the PBC.
When issuing new Renminbi, the PBC shall make a public announcement of the issuing date, face values, designs, patterns and specifications of the new.
| | 第十八条 人民币由中国人民银行统一印制、发行。
中国人民银行发行新版人民币，应当将发行时间、面额、图案、式样、规格予以公告。
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Article 19 Any counterfeiting, altering or illegal printing or minting of the Renminbi is prohibited. Any selling or buying of the counterfeit or altered Renminbi is prohibited. Transportation, possession or use of the counterfeit, altered or illegally printed or minted Renminbi is prohibited. Deliberate damaging of Renminbi is prohibited. Illegal use of the design of Renminbi in propaganda materials, publications or other commodities is prohibited.
| | 第十九条 禁止伪造、变造人民币。禁止出售、购买伪造、变造的人民币。禁止运输、持有、使用伪造、变造的人民币。禁止故意毁损人民币。禁止在宣传品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民币图样。
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Article 20 No entity or individual may print or issue promissory notes as substitutes for Renminbi to circulate on the open market.
| | 第二十条 任何单位和个人不得印制、发售代币票券，以代替人民币在市场上流通。
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Article 21 The damaged or soiled Renminbi shall be exchanged in accordance with the regulations of the PBC, and the PBC shall be responsible for collecting and destroying the aforesaid Renminbi.
| | 第二十一条 残缺、污损的人民币，按照中国人民银行的规定兑换，并由中国人民银行负责收回、销毁。
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Article 22 The PBC shall establish a Renminbi issuing treasury, and its branches shall establish subsidiary issuing treasuries. The subsidiary issuing treasuries shall, in allocating Renminbi issuing funds, act on the order of allocation from their superior treasury. No entity or individual may use the issuing fund in violation of the relevant regulations.
| | 第二十二条 中国人民银行设立人民币发行库，在其分支机构设立分支库。分支库调拨人民币发行基金，应当按照上级库的调拨命令办理。任何单位和个人不得违反规定，动用发行基金。
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Chapter IV Business Operations
| | 第四章 业务
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Article 23 The PBC may use the following instruments to implement the monetary policies:
| | 第二十三条 中国人民银行为执行货币政策，可以运用下列货币政策工具：
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1. Demanding that the banking institutions deposit the reserve fund at a required ratio;
| | （一）要求银行业金融机构按照规定的比例交存存款准备金；
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2. Fixing the base interest rates of the central bank;
| | （二）确定中央银行基准利率；
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3. Handling rediscounting for the banking institutions, which have opened accounts in the PBC;
| | （三）为在中国人民银行开立账户的银行业金融机构办理再贴现；
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4. Providing loans for commercial banks;
| | （四）向商业银行提供贷款；
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5. Dealing in treasury bonds, other government bonds, financial bonds and foreign exchange on the open market; and
| | （五）在公开市场上买卖国债、其他政府债券和金融债券及外汇；
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6. Other monetary policy instruments as determined by the State Council.
The PBC may work out the specific conditions and procedures when applying the monetary policy instruments set forth in the preceding clauses to implement monetary policies.
| | （六）国务院确定的其他货币政策工具。
中国人民银行为执行货币政策，运用前款所列货币政策工具时，可以规定具体的条件和程序。
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Article 24 The PBC shall manage the state treasury in accordance with laws and administrative regulations.
| | 第二十四条 中国人民银行依照法律、行政法规的规定经理国库。
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Article 25 The PBC may issue and exchange treasury bonds and other government bonds to financial institutions on behalf of the financial departments of the State Council.
| | 第二十五条 中国人民银行可以代理国务院财政部门向各金融机构组织发行、兑付国债和其他政府债券。
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Article 26 The PBC may open accounts for banking institutions as needed, but may not overdraw the accounts of the banking institutions.
| | 第二十六条 中国人民银行可以根据需要，为银行业金融机构开立账户，但不得对银行业金融机构的账户透支。
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Article 27 The PBC shall organize or assist in organizing banking institutions in settling inter-institutional accounts, coordinate the activities and provide services thereof. The PBC shall set down specific procedures for such operation.
The PBC shall formulate rules for settlement of payment together with the banking regulatory organs of the State Council.
| | 第二十七条 中国人民银行应当组织或者协助组织银行业金融机构相互之间的清算系统，协调银行业金融机构相互之间的清算事项，提供清算服务。具体办法由中国人民银行制定。
中国人民银行会同国务院银行业监督管理机构制定支付结算规则。
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Article 28 The PBC may, for the implementation of monetary policies, determine the amounts, repayment schedules, rates of interest and modes of loans to commercial banks, but the time limit for such loans shall not exceed one year.
| | 第二十八条 中国人民银行根据执行货币政策的需要，可以决定对商业银行贷款的数额、期限、利率和方式，但贷款的期限不得超过一年。
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Article 29 The people's bank is prohibited from overdrawing the financial budget of the government or from directly subscribing to or acting as sole sales agent for treasury bonds and other government bonds.
| | 第二十九条 中国人民银行不得对政府财政透支，不得直接认购、包销国债和其他政府债券。
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Article 30 The PBC is prohibited from providing loans for the local governments or departments of governments at all levels, non-bank financial institutions and other entities or individuals, and may provide loans for non-bank financial institutions specially permitted by the State Council.
The PBC shall not act as financial guarantor for any entity or individual.
| | 第三十条 中国人民银行不得向地方政府、各级政府部门提供贷款，不得向非银行金融机构以及其他单位和个人提供贷款，但国务院决定中国人民银行可以向特定的非银行金融机构提供贷款的除外。
中国人民银行不得向任何单位和个人提供担保。
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Chapter V Supervision and Control over the Banking Industry
| | 第五章 金融监督管理
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Article 31 The PBC shall make supervision and inspection over the operation of financial market, and implement macro-control on financial market, so as to promote its harmonious development.
| | 第三十一条 中国人民银行依法监测金融市场的运行情况，对金融市场实施宏观调控，促进其协调发展。
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Article 32 The PBC shall have the right to make inspection and supervision over the following acts of the financial institutions, other entities or individuals:
| | 第三十二条 中国人民银行有权对金融机构以及其他单位和个人的下列行为进行检查监督：
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1. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on the management of reserve against deposit;
| | （一）执行有关存款准备金管理规定的行为；
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2. Acts in relation to the special loans of the PBC;
| | （二）与中国人民银行特种贷款有关的行为；
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3. Acts of implementing the provisions on Renminbi management;
| | （三）执行有关人民币管理规定的行为；
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4. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on the management of the inter-bank borrowing or lending market and the inter-bank bonds markets;
| | （四）执行有关银行间同业拆借市场、银行间债券市场管理规定的行为；
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5. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on foreign exchange control;
| | （五）执行有关外汇管理规定的行为；
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6. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on gold management;
| | （六）执行有关黄金管理规定的行为；
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7. Acts on behalf of the PBC of managing the state treasury;
| | （七）代理中国人民银行经理国库的行为；
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8. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on settlement management; and
| | （八）执行有关清算管理规定的行为；
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9. Acts of implementing the relevant provisions on anti-money-laundering.
The special loans as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, refer to the loans used for special purpose, which are determined by the State Council and issued to financial institutions by the PBC.
| | （九）执行有关反洗钱规定的行为。
前款所称中国人民银行特种贷款，是指国务院决定的由中国人民银行向金融机构发放的用于特定目的的贷款。
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Article 33 The PBC may, for implementing the monetary policy and maintaining the stability of the finance, suggest that the banking regulatory organ of the State Council make inspection and supervision over banking institutions. And the banking regulatory organ of the State Council shall give a reply within 30 days upon receiving the suggestion.
| | 第三十三条 中国人民银行根据执行货币政策和维护金融稳定的需要，可以建议国务院银行业监督管理机构对银行业金融机构进行检查监督。国务院银行业监督管理机构应当自收到建议之日起三十日内予以回复。
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Article 34 Where a banking institution has difficulty in payment, which may give rise to financial risks, the PBC may, upon the approval of the State Council, have the right to make inspection and supervision over the banking institution to maintain financial stability.
| | 第三十四条 当银行业金融机构出现支付困难，可能引发金融风险时，为了维护金融稳定，中国人民银行经国务院批准，有权对银行业金融机构进行检查监督。
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Article 35 The PBC may, for performing its functions, have the right to require the banking institutions to submit the necessary balance sheet, statements of profit and other finance and accounting reports and materials.
The PBC shall, together with the banking regulatory organ of the State Council, and other financial supervision and administration organs of the State Council, establish the supervision and administration information sharing mechanism.
| | 第三十五条 中国人民银行根据履行职责的需要，有权要求银行业金融机构报送必要的资产负债表、利润表以及其他财务会计、统计报表和资料。
中国人民银行应当和国务院银行业监督管理机构、国务院其他金融监督管理机构建立监督管理信息共享机制。
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Article 36 The PBC shall be responsible for compiling comprehensive statistics and accounting statements for the national banking system and publishing them in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
| | 第三十六条 中国人民银行负责统一编制全国金融统计数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布。
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Article 37 The PBC shall establish and perfect auditing and checking systems for and strengthen its control over the banking system.
| | 第三十七条 中国人民银行应当建立、健全本系统的稽核、检查制度，加强内部的监督管理。
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Chapter VI Finance and Accounting
| | 第六章 财务会计
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Article 38 The PBC shall exercise independent control over its financial budget.
The budget of the PBC shall be included in the central budget after it has been examined and verified by the financial departments of the State Council, and shall be supervised by the financial departments of the State Council for the purpose of implementing the budget.
| | 第三十八条 中国人民银行实行独立的财务预算管理制度。
中国人民银行的预算经国务院财政部门审核后，纳入中央预算，接受国务院财政部门的预算执行监督。
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Article 39 The PBC shall turn in all of its net profit to the state treasury from its income of every fiscal year minus annual expenditures after withdrawing its general reserve funds at a proportion determined by the financial department of the State Council.
Losses of the PBC shall be setoff by allocations of the central finance.
| | 第三十九条 中国人民银行每一会计年度的收入减除该年度支出，并按照国务院财政部门核定的比例提取总准备金后的净利润，全部上缴中央财政。
中国人民银行的亏损由中央财政拨款弥补。
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Article 40 The PBC shall manage its revenues and expenditures and accounting affairs in accordance with laws, administrative regulations, and the uniform financial and accounting systems of the state, and shall be subject to the respective auditing and supervision of the audit organs and the financial departments of the State Council in accordance with the law.
| | 第四十条 中国人民银行的财务收支和会计事务，应当执行法律、行政法规和国家统一的财务、会计制度，接受国务院审计机关和财政部门依法分别进行的审计和监督。
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Article 41 The PBC shall, within 3 months after the end of each fiscal year, complete the compiling of balance sheets, statement of profit and loss and the relevant finance and accounting report forms, prepare its annual report and publish them in accordance with the relevant state regulations.
The fiscal year of the PBC shall begin from January 1 to December 31 of the Gregorian calendar.
| | 第四十一条 中国人民银行应当于每一会计年度结束后的三个月内，编制资产负债表、损益表和相关的财务会计报表，并编制年度报告，按照国家有关规定予以公布。
中国人民银行的会计年度自公历１月１日起至１２月３１日止。
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Chapter VII Legal Liabilities
| | 第七章 法律责任
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Article 42 Anyone who illegally prints or mints Renminbi, sells counterfeit or illegally printed or minted Renminbi, or knowingly transports counterfeit money or illegally printed or minted money, which constitutes a crime, shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities according to law. If the circumstances are not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be punished by the public security organs with a detention of no more than 15 days and a fine of no more than RMB 10,000 Yuan.
| | 第四十二条 伪造、变造人民币，出售伪造、变造的人民币，或者明知是伪造、变造的人民币而运输，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，由公安机关处十五日以下拘留、一万元以下罚款。
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Article 43 Anyone who buys counterfeit or altered Renminbi or knowingly holds or uses counterfeit or altered or illegally printed or minted Renminbi, which constitutes a crime, shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities. If the circumstances are not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be punished by the public security organs with a detention of no more than 15 days and a fine of no more than RMB 10,000 Yuan.
| | 第四十三条 购买伪造、变造的人民币或者明知是伪造、变造的人民币而持有、使用，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，由公安机关处十五日以下拘留、一万元以下罚款。
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Article 44 In the case that anyone illegally uses the design of Renminbi in propaganda materials, publications or other commodities, the PBC shall order him to make corrections and destroy the illegally used design of Renminbi, confiscate any illegal gains and impose a fine of no more than RMB 50,000 Yuan.
| | 第四十四条 在宣传品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民币图样的，中国人民银行应当责令改正，并销毁非法使用的人民币图样，没收违法所得，并处五万元以下罚款。
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Article 45 If anyone prints or sells promissory notes as substitutes for Renminbi for circulation on the open market, the PBC shall order him to cease the illegal practice and impose on him a fine of no more than RMB 200,000 Yuan.
| | 第四十五条 印制、发售代币票券，以代替人民币在市场上流通的，中国人民银行应当责令停止违法行为，并处二十万元以下罚款。
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Article 46 If any act listed in Article 32 of this Law is in violation of the relevant provisions, penalties shall be imposed according to the provisions on punishment in the relevant laws and administrative regulations if any. If there isn't any provision on punishment, the PBC shall, in accordance with the different circumstances, give warnings, confiscate illegal gains if any, and impose a fine of one time up to five times of the illegal gains in case the illegal gains are more than RMB 500,000 Yuan; and impose a fine of RMB 500,000 Yuan up to RMB 2 million Yuan if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than RMB 500,000 Yuan. The directors and senior management personnel directly responsible and other persons directly liable shall be given a warning, or imposed upon a fine of RMB 50,000 Yuan up to RMB 500,000 Yuan. In case a crime is constituted, the criminal liability shall be prosecuted for according to law.
| | 第四十六条 本法第三十二条所列行为违反有关规定，有关法律、行政法规有处罚规定的，依照其规定给予处罚；有关法律、行政法规未作处罚规定的，由中国人民银行区别不同情形给予警告，没收违法所得，违法所得五十万元以上的，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足五十万元的，处五十万元以上二百万元以下罚款；对负有直接责任的董事、高级管理人员和其他直接责任人员给予警告，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 47 In case a party refuses to accept the decisions on administrative penalties, he may institute an administrative action in accordance with the “Administrative Procedures Law of the People's Republic of China”.
| | 第四十七条 当事人对行政处罚不服的，可以依照《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的规定提起行政诉讼。
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Article 48 If the PBC commits any of the following acts, the person directly in charge and other persons directly liable shall be subject to administrative punishment. If a crime is constituted, he shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities:
| | 第四十八条 中国人民银行有下列行为之一的，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
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1. Providing loans in violation of the provisions of paragraph one of Article 30 of this Law;
| | （一）违反本法第三十条第一款的规定提供贷款的；
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2.Acting as a guarantor to entities or individuals; and
| | （二）对单位和个人提供担保的；
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3.Using the currency issuing fund without authorization.
In case of any one of the acts as prescribed in the preceding clause, which causes losses, the person directly in charge and other persons directly liable shall bear part or all of the liabilities for compensation.
| | （三）擅自动用发行基金的。
有前款所列行为之一，造成损失的，负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员应当承担部分或者全部赔偿责任。
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Article 49 Where the local governments, the departments of the governments at all levels, public organizations or individuals coerce the PBC and its functionaries into providing loans or guarantee in violation of Article 30 of this Law, the person directly in charge and other persons directly liable shall be subject to administrative punishments in accordance with the law. If a crime is constituted, the criminal liabilities of the relevant persons shall be prosecuted for according to law, and they shall bear part or all of the liabilities for compensation for any losses.
| | 第四十九条 地方政府、各级政府部门、社会团体和个人强令中国人民银行及其工作人员违反本法第三十条的规定提供贷款或者担保的，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；造成损失的，应当承担部分或者全部赔偿责任。
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Article 50 If any functionary of PBC divulges any state or commercial secret he acquires, which is serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities according to law. If the circumstances are not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be subject to administrative punishments according to law.
| | 第五十条 中国人民银行的工作人员泄露国家秘密或者所知悉的商业秘密，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。
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Article 51 If any functionary of the PBC commits embezzlement, bribery, malpractices for personal gains, abuse of powers, or neglect of duties, which constitutes a crime, he shall be prosecuted for criminal liabilities according to law. If the circumstances are not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be subject to administrative punishments according to law.
| | 第五十一条 中国人民银行的工作人员贪污受贿、徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。
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Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
| | 第八章 附则
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Article 52 The banking institutions as mentioned in this Law, refer to the commercial banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, and other financial institutions and policy banks absorbing public deposits.
The provisions of this Law on banking institutions shall be applicable to the financial capital management companies, trust and investment companies, finance companies, and financial leasing companies, which are established within the territory of China, and other financial institutions established upon the approval of the banking regulatory organ of the State Council.
| | 第五十二条 本法所称银行业金融机构，是指在中华人民共和国境内设立的商业银行、城市信用合作社、农村信用合作社等吸收公众存款的金融机构以及政策性银行。
在中华人民共和国境内设立的金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司、财务公司、金融租赁公司以及经国务院银行业监督管理机构批准设立的其他金融机构，适用本法对银行业金融机构的规定。
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| Article 53 The present Law shall be implemented as of its promulgation. | | 第五十三条 本法自公布之日起施行。
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