Order of the President of the People's Republic of China
(No. 58)
The Archives Law of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 22th Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on September 5, 1987, is hereby issued and shall come into force as of January 1, 1988.
President of the People's Republic of China: Li Xiannian
September 5, 1987
ARCHIVES LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 22nd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on September 5, 1987)
| | 中华人民共和国主席令
（第58号）
《中华人民共和国档案法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第22次会议于1987年9月5日通过，现予公布，自1988年1月1日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 李先念
1987年9月5日
中华人民共和国档案法
（１９８７年９月５日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第２２次会议通过）
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CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
| | 第一章 总则
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Article 1. This Law is formulated with a view to strengthening the management, collection and arrangement of archives and effectively protecting and using archives in the service of socialist modernization.
| | 第一条 为了加强对档案的管理和收集、整理工作，有效地保护和利用档案，为社会主义现代化建设服务，制定本法，
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Article 2. For the purpose of this Law, " archives " mean historical records in various forms, including writings in different languages, pictures, diagrams, audio-visuals, etc., whose preservation is of value to the state and society and which have been or are being directly formed by state organs, public organizations and individuals in their political, military, economic, scientific, technological, cultural, religious and other activities.
| | 第二条 本法所称的档案，是指过去和现在的国家机构、社会组织以及个人从事政政治、军事、经济、科学、技术、文化、宗教等活动直接形成的对国家和社会有保存价值的各种文字、图表、声象等不同形式的历史记录。
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Article 3. Every state organ, unit of the armed forces, political party, public organization, enterprise and institution and every citizen shall have the obligation to protect the archives.
| | 第三条 一切国家机关、武装力量、政党、社会团体、企业事业单位和公民都有保护档案的义务。
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Article 4. The people's governments at all levels shall strengthen their leadership in the work on archives and incorporate the building of archives into national economic and social development plans.
| | 第四条 各级人民政府应当加强对档案工作的领导，把档案事业的建设列入国民经济和社会发展计划。
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Article 5. The work on archives shall be placed under unified leadership and conducted through management at various levels in order to ensure the integrity and safety of archives and facilitate their use by people of various quarters of society.
| | 第五条 档案工作实行统一领导，分级管理的原则，维护档案完整与安全，便于社会各方面的利用。
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CHAPTER II ARCHIVES INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES
| | 第二章 档案机构及其职责
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Article 6. The state administrative authority for archives shall be responsible for the work on archives throughout the country. It shall make an overall plan, coordinate the organizations, unify the systems, and exercise supervision and provide guidance with respect to the work on archives in the whole country.
The administrative authorities for archives under the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the work on archives within their respective administrative areas. They shall supervise and direct the archives work of the state organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations within their areas.
The people's governments of townships, nationality townships and towns shall designate personnel to take charge of preserving the archives of their own offices and to supervise and direct the archives work of their subordinate units.
| | 第六条 国家档案行政管理部门主管全国档案事业，对全国的档案事业实行统筹规划，组织协调，统一制度，监督和指导。
县级以上地方各级人民政府的档案行政管理部门主管本行政区域内的档案事业，并对本行政区域内机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织的档案工作实行监督和指导。
乡、民族乡、镇人民政府应当指定人员负责保管本机关的档案，并对所属单位的档案工作实行监督的指导。
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Article 7. The archives institutions or archivists of state organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations shall be responsible for preserving the archives of their own units and supervise and direct the archives work of their subordinate units.
| | 第七条 机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织的档案机构或者档案工作人员，负责保管本单位的档案，并对所属机构的档案工作实行监督和指导。
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Article 8. The national archives centre and local archives centres of various types at or above the county level shall be cultural institutions for the centralized management of archives. They shall be responsible for receiving, collecting, arranging and keeping archives within their respective jurisdiction and making them available to users.
| | 第八条 中央和县级以上地方各级各类档案馆，是集中管理档案的文化事业机构，负责接收、收集、整理、保管和提供利用各分管范围内的档案。
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Article 9. Archivists shall be devoted to their duty, observe discipline and possess professional knowledge.
Those units or individuals that have done exceedingly well in the collection, arrangement and protection of archives and in making them available to users shall be rewarded by the people's governments at the relevant levels.
| | 第九条 档案工作人员应当忠于职守，遵守纪律，具备专业知识。
在档案的收集、整理、保护和提供利用等方面成绩显著的单位或者个人，由各级人民政府给予奖励。
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CHAPTER III MANAGEMENT OF ARCHIVES
| | 第三章 档案的管理
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Article 10. Materials of a unit that should be filed and kept as archives pursuant to state provisions must, in accordance with the relevant regulations, be handed over periodically to the archives division or archivists of the unit for centralized management. Nobody may keep such materials as his personal property.
Materials that should not be kept as archives pursuant to state provisions shall not be kept as archives without due authorization.
| | 第十条 对国家规定的应当立卷归档的材料，必须按照规定，定期向本单位档案机构或者档案工作人员移交，集中管理，任何个人不得据为己有。
国家规定不得归档的材料，禁止擅自归档。
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Article 11. State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations must, in accordance with state provisions, hand over archives periodically to the archives centres concerned.
| | 第十一条 机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织必须按照国家规定，定期向档案馆移交档案。
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Article 12. The cultural relics, books and reference materials which are kept in museums, libraries and memorial halls and are concurrently archives may be managed by the above-mentioned units in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative rules and regulations.
Archives centres shall cooperate with the above-mentioned units in the use of archives.
| | 第十二条 博物馆、图书馆、纪念馆等单位保存的文物，图书资料同时是档案的，可以按照法律和行政法规的规定，由上述单位的自行管理。
档案馆与上述单位应当在档案的利用方面互相协作。
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Article 13. Archives centres of all types and at all levels and archives divisions of state organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations shall establish a system of scientific management to facilitate the use of archives. They shall be equipped with necessary facilities to ensure the safety of the archives. They shall adopt advanced technology to modernize the management of archives.
| | 第十三条 各级各类档案馆，机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织的档案机构，应当建立科学的管理制度，便于对档案的利用；配置必要的设施，确保档案的安全；采用先进技术，实现档案管理现代化。
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Article 14. The management and use of confidential archives, changes in their security classes, and the declassification of such archives must be effected according to the provisions of the security laws and administrative rules and regulations of the state regarding security.
| | 第十四条 保密档案的管理和利用，密级的变更和解密，必须按照国家有关保密的法律和行政法规的规定办理。
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Article 15. The principles by which the value of archives for preservation is appraised, the standards for determining the periods of preservation, and the procedures and methods for destroying archives shall be formulated by the state administrative authority for archives. Unauthorized destruction of archives shall be prohibited.
| | 第十五条 鉴定档案保存价格的原则，保管期限的标准以及销毁档案的程序和办法，由国家档案行政管理部门制定。禁止擅自销毁档案。
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Article 16. Collectively-owned or individually-owned archives whose preservation is of value to the state and society or which should be kept confidential shall be properly taken care of by the owners. If the archives are considered liable to serious damage or unsafe because of the adverse conditions under which they are kept or because of any other reason, the state administrative authority for archives shall have the right to take such measures as may ensure the integrity and safety of the archives, such as by keeping the archives on the owner's behalf or, when necessary, by purchasing such archives or requisitioning them by purchase.
Owners of the archives prescribed in the preceding paragraph may deposit them with or sell them to the archives centres concerned. It shall be strictly forbidden to resell such archives for profit or sell them privately to foreigners.
Those who donate archives to the state shall be rewarded by the archives centres concerned.
| | 第十六条 集体所有制所有的和个人所有的对国家和社会具有保存价值的或者应当保密的档案，档案所有者应当妥善保管。对于保管条件恶劣或者其他原因被认为可能导致档案严重损毁和不安全的，国家档案行政管理部门有权采取代为保管等确保档案完整和安全的措施；必要时，可以收购或者征购。
前款所列档案，档案所有者可以向有关档案馆寄存或者出售，严禁倒卖牟利，严禁私自卖给外国人。
向国家捐赠档案的，档案馆应当予以奖励。
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Article 17. The sale of archives owned by the state shall be prohibited.
The exchange, transfer and sale of duplicates of archives shall be handled according to state regulations.
| | 第十七条 禁止出卖属于国家所有的档案。
档案复制件的交换，转让和出卖，按照国家规定办理。
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Article 18. State-owned archives and the archives specified in Article 16 of this Law as well as duplicates of such archives must not be carried or transported out of the country without authorization.
| | 第十八条 属于国家所有的档案和本法第十六条规定的档案以及这些档案的复制件，禁止私自携运出境。
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CHAPTER IV USING THE ARCHIVES AND MAKING THEM PUBLIC
| | 第四章 档案的利用和公布
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Article 19. Archives kept by state archives centres shall in general be opened to the public upon the expiration of 30 years from the date of their formation. Archives in economic, scientific, technological and cultural fields may be opened to the public in less than 30 years; archives involving the security or vital interests of the state and other archives which remain unsuitable for accessibility to the public upon the expiration of 30 years may be opened to the public after more than 30 years. The specific time limits shall be defined by the state administrative authority for archives and submitted to the State Council for approval before they become effective. Archives centres shall create the conditions, simplify the procedures, and provide conveniences for the use of archives. Citizens and organizations of the People's Republic of China possessing lawful identifications may use archives which are open to the public.
| | 第十九条 国家档案馆保管的档案，一般应当自形成之日起满３０年向社会开放。经济、科技、技术、文化等类档案向社会开放的期限，可以少于３０年，涉及国家安全或者重大利益以及其他到期不宜开放的档案向社会开放的期限，可以多于３０年，具体期限由国家档案行政管理部门制订，报国务院批准施行。档案馆应当为档案的利用创造条件，简化手续，提供方便。中华人民共和国公民和组织持有合法证明，可以利用已经开放的档案。
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Article 20. State organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions, other organizations and citizens may, according to needs in economic construction, national defence construction, education, scientific research and other work, and pursuant to the relevant provisions, use the archives which are not yet open to the public and the archives which are preserved by relevant state organs, public organizations, enterprises, institutions and other organizations.
Measures for using the archives that are not yet open to the public shall be laid down by the state administrative authority for archives or by the competent departments.
| | 第二十条 机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织以及公民根据经济建设，国防建设、教学科研和其他各项工作的需要，可以按照有关规定，利用档案馆未开放的档案以及有关机关、团体、企业事业单位和其他组织保存的档案。
利用未开放档案的办法，由国家档案行政管理部门和有关主管部门规定。
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Article 21. Units or individuals that have transferred or donated archives to archives centres or deposited archives with them shall have priority in the use of such archives and may propose restrictions on the use of parts of the archives that are not suitable for accessibility to the public, and the archives centres shall protect the lawful rights and interests of such units or individuals.
| | 第二十一条 向档案移交、捐赠、寄存档案的单位和个人，对其档案享有优先利用权，并可对其档案中不宜向社会开放的部分提出限制利用的意见，档案应当维护他们的合法权益。
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Article 22. State-owned archives shall be made public by archives centres or state organs authorized by the state; no organization or individual shall have the right to make public such archives without permission from such archives centres or state organs.
With respect to collectively-owned and individually-owned archives, the owners shall have the right to make them public but they must abide by the relevant state provisions, and may not endanger the security and interests of the state or violate the lawful rights and interests of others.
| | 第二十二条 属于国家所有的档案，由国家授权的档案馆或者有关机关公布；未经档案馆或者有关机关同意，任何组织和个人无权公布。
集体所有的和个人所有的档案，档案的所有者有权公布，但必须遵守国家有关规定。不得损害国家安全和利益，不得侵犯他伯合法权益。
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Article 23. Archives centres of all types and at all levels shall have research personnel to improve research in arrangement of archives, and compile and publish archives in a planned way for distribution within various circles.
| | 第二十三条 各级各类档案馆应当配备研究人员，加强对档案的研究整理，有计划地组织编辑出版档案材料，在不同范围内发行。
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CHAPTER V LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY
| | 第五章 法律责任
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Article 24. Whoever has committed any of the following acts shall be subject to administrative sanctions according to the seriousness of the circumstances; he who causes losses shall be ordered to compensate for them; and he who commits an act which constitutes a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law:
| | 第二十四条 有下列行为之一的，根据情节，轻重，给予行政处分；造成损失的，责令赔偿损失；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；
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(1) damaging or losing state-owned archives or destroying them without authorization;
| | （一）损毁，丢失或者擅自销毁属于国家所有的档案的；
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(2) supplying, copying, or making public state-owned archives without authorization;
| | （二）擅自提供、抄录、公布属于国家所有的档案的；
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(3) altering or forging archives;
| | （三）涂改、伪造档案的；
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(4) selling state-owned archives;
| | （四）出卖属于国家所有的档案的；
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(5) reselling archives for profit or selling archives to foreigners without authorization;
| | （五）倒卖档案牟利或者私自将档案卖给外国人的；
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(6) carrying or transporting out of the country archives or their duplicates that are forbidden to be taken out of the country; or
| | （六）携运禁止出境的档案及其复制件出境的；
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(7) causing losses to archives as a result of neglect of duty on the part of archivists.
Whoever has committed an act prescribed in item (5) or (6) of the preceding paragraph may be concurrently subject to administrative sanctions by the state administrative organ concerned.
| | （七）档案工作人员玩忽职守造成档案损失的。
有上款第（五）项、第（六）项行为的，有关国家行政管理机关并且可以给予行政处罚。
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CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 第六章 附则
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Article 25. Measures for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the state administrative authority for archives and shall enter into force after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
| | 第二十五条 本法实施办法，由国家档案行政管理部门制定，报国务院批准后施行。
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| Article 26. This Law shall come into force as of January 1, 1988. | | 第二十六条 本法自１９８８年１月１日起施行。
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