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Opinions of the State Council concerning Accelerating the Development of the Service Sector
[Effective]
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国务院关于加快发展服务业的若干意见
[现行有效]
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【法宝引证码】
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Opinions of the State Council concerning Accelerating the Development of the Service Sector
(No.7[2007] of the State Council)
To the People's Governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the State Council, and all ministries, commissions and directly subordinate authorities under the State Council:
In line of the general direction and guidelines for the development of the service sector as determined in the design of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the following opinions concerning accelerating the development of the service sector are advanced:
| | 国务院关于加快发展服务业的若干意见
（国发〔2007〕7号）
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：
根据“十一五”规划纲要确定的服务业发展总体方向和基本思路，为加快发展服务业，现提出以下意见：
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I. Fully recognizing the great significance of accelerating the development of the service sector
The service sector is an integral part of the national economy, and an important indicator for measuring the economic development level of a modern society. China is now in the stage of accelerated development in the full construction of a better-off society and development of industrialization, urbanization, market mechanisms and internationalization, and many conditions supporting the sound and rapid economic development have been preliminarily in place. To speed up the development of the service sector, escalate the ratio of the service sector in the three tiers of industrial structure, and make the service sector a leading industry in the national economy are the inevitable path to boosting the adjustment of economic structure and accelerated transition of the mode of economic growth, are the imperative needs for effectively easing the bottleneck restrictions as a result of shortage of resources and improving the use efficiency of resources, and are the effective ways for adaptation to the new situations of opening up to the outside world and realization of upswing in the integrated strength of this country as a whole. To accelerate the development of the service sector, form a relatively complete system of the service sector, offer profuse products satisfying the needs of people in materials, culture and living, and make it a major sector absorbing both urban and rural new workers are the intrinsic requirements for the settlement of the livelihood of the people, promotion of the social harmony and full construction of a better-off society. Therefore, accelerating the development of the service sector must be paid close attention to and be well done as a major long-term strategic task at the height of carrying the scientific development view and strategic ideology of building a harmonious socialist society into real effect.
Both the Central Party and the State Council have always accentuated the development of the service sector, and made a series of encouraging and supporting policy measures, which have produced inspiring results. Especially since the 16th Conference of the Chinese Communist Party, the service sector has continued to expand in scale, improve in both structure and quality and deepen in the reform and opening up of service fields, and has played a significant role in facilitating the sustainable and rapid economic development, increasing work opportunities, etc. However, there are problems that cannot be neglected in the development of the service sector, such as the overemphasis on the development of industry, especially heavy industry, in some places, and insufficient attention to the development of the service sector. In general, China's service sector is short in supply, unreasonable in structure, low in service level, weak in competitiveness, low in the proportion of contribution to the national economic development, not in match with the accelerated economic and social development and adjustment and upgrade of the industrial structure, with the requirements for the full-scale construction of a better-off society and building of a harmonious socialist society, and with the new situations of economic globalization and full opening up to the outside world. All localities and all departments should further enhance their awareness, be focused in mind on tangible decision making and deployment, change their notions on development, broaden their vision about development, and endeavor to settle the existing problems, so as to speed up the escalation of the service sector to a new level, help the economy and society run on the tracks of scientific development, and boost the sound and rapid development of the national economy.
| | 一、充分认识加快发展服务业的重大意义
服务业是国民经济的重要组成部分，服务业的发展水平是衡量现代社会经济发达程度的重要标志。我国正处于全面建设小康社会和工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化加速发展时期，已初步具备支撑经济又好又快发展的诸多条件。加快发展服务业，提高服务业在三次产业结构中的比重，尽快使服务业成为国民经济的主导产业，是推进经济结构调整、加快转变经济增长方式的必由之路，是有效缓解能源资源短缺的瓶颈制约、提高资源利用效率的迫切需要，是适应对外开放新形势、实现综合国力整体跃升的有效途径。加快发展服务业，形成较为完备的服务业体系，提供满足人民群众物质文化生活需要的丰富产品，并成为吸纳城乡新增就业的主要渠道，也是解决民生问题、促进社会和谐、全面建设小康社会的内在要求。为此，必须从贯彻落实科学发展观和构建社会主义和谐社会战略思想的高度，把加快发展服务业作为一项重大而长期的战略任务抓紧抓好。
党中央、国务院历来重视服务业发展，制定了一系列鼓励和支持发展的政策措施，取得了明显成效。特别是党的十六大以来，服务业规模继续扩大，结构和质量得到改善，服务领域改革开放不断深化，在促进经济平稳较快发展、扩大就业等方面发挥了重要作用。但是，当前在服务业发展中还存在不容忽视的问题，特别是一些地方过于看重发展工业尤其是重工业，对发展服务业重视不够。我国服务业总体上供给不足，结构不合理，服务水平低，竞争力不强，对国民经济发展的贡献率不高，与经济社会加快发展、产业结构调整升级不相适应，与全面建设小康社会和构建社会主义和谐社会的要求不相适应，与经济全球化和全面对外开放的新形势不相适应。各地区、各部门要进一步提高认识，切实把思想统一到中央的决策和部署上来，转变发展观念，拓宽发展思路，着力解决存在的问题，加快把服务业提高到一个新的水平，推动经济社会走上科学发展的轨道，促进国民经济又好又快发展。
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II. General requirements and major targets for accelerating the development of the service sector
For the present and during a period of time henceforth, the general requirements for the development of the service sector are: under the guidance of the Deng Xiaoping's theory and the important “Three Represents” ideology, to fully implement and materialize the view of scientific development and the important strategic ideology of building a harmonious socialist society, to treat the development of the service sector as a major way for the accelerated adjustment of industrial structure, transition of the mode of economic growth, improvement of the overall strength of the national economy and realization of the full, consistent and sustainable development of the national economy, to insist on the ideas of people first, reciprocity and fairness, further enhance the public service system and mechanisms that should cover both urban and rural areas and function reasonably, and continue to improve the ability and level of supply of public services; in the direction of market mechanism, industrialization and socialization, to promote the service sector to broaden its fields, strengthen its functions and optimize its structure; to adhere to the overall allocation and coordination as well as categorized guidance, make full use of relative advantages, perform reasonable planning, and shape up a development pattern for a service sector that is vigorous, with distinct features and mutually supplemental in advantages; to insist on the innovative development, enlarge the opening up to the outside world, absorb the advanced experiences, technologies and modes of management of the developed countries, improve the international competitiveness of the service sector, and realize the sound and rapid development of the service sector.
In accordance with the design of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the major targets in developing the service sector during the period of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan are: by the year of 2010, the ratio of the added value of the service sector to the GDP should have grown by 3 per cent as opposed to the year of 2005, the ratio of workers engaging in the service sector to those in the whole society should have grown by 4 per cent, and the total amount of trade in services should have reached 400 billion U.S. dollars; an industrial structure giving priority to the service economy should have been formed in qualified large- and medium-sized cities, and their growth rate of added value of the service sector should have exceeded the growth rates of the GDP and the secondary industry. By the year of 2020, the transition to an economic structure giving priority to the service economy should have been accomplished preliminarily, the ratio of the added value of the service sector to the GDP should have exceeded 50%, the structure of the service sector should have been notably optimized, the employment capacity should have been notably augmented, the degree of equalization in the public services should have been notably improved, the market competitiveness should have been notably strengthened, and the overall level of development should have basically satisfied the requirements for the full construction of a better-off society.
| | 二、加快发展服务业的总体要求和主要目标
当前和今后一个时期，发展服务业的总体要求是：以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，全面贯彻落实科学发展观和构建社会主义和谐社会的重要战略思想，将发展服务业作为加快推进产业结构调整、转变经济增长方式、提高国民经济整体素质、实现全面协调可持续发展的重要途径，坚持以人为本、普惠公平，进一步完善覆盖城乡、功能合理的公共服务体系和机制，不断提高公共服务的供给能力和水平；坚持市场化、产业化、社会化的方向，促进服务业拓宽领域、增强功能、优化结构；坚持统筹协调、分类指导，发挥比较优势，合理规划布局，构建充满活力、特色明显、优势互补的服务业发展格局；坚持创新发展，扩大对外开放，吸收发达国家的先进经验、技术和管理方式，提高服务业国际竞争力，实现服务业又好又快发展。
根据“十一五”规划纲要，“十一五”时期服务业发展的主要目标是：到2010年，服务业增加值占国内生产总值的比重比2005年提高3个百分点，服务业从业人员占全社会从业人员的比重比2005年提高4个百分点，服务贸易总额达到4000亿美元；有条件的大中城市形成以服务经济为主的产业结构，服务业增加值增长速度超过国内生产总值和第二产业增长速度。到2020年，基本实现经济结构向以服务经济为主的转变，服务业增加值占国内生产总值的比重超过50%，服务业结构显著优化，就业容量显著增加，公共服务均等化程度显著提高，市场竞争力显著增强，总体发展水平基本与全面建设小康社会的要求相适应。
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III. Greatly optimizing the structure of development of the service sector
To adapt to the new situations of new type of industrialization and the upgraded consumption structure of residents, the emphasis should be placed on the development of the modern service sector, the traditional service sector should be regulated and upgraded, and the role of the service sector in attracting employment should be fully displayed. The structure of this sector should be optimized, the technical structure should be upgraded, the organizational structure should be reformed, and the level of development of the service sector should be fully improved.
The service areas facing production should be strongly developed so as to facilitate the organic integration and interactive development of the modern manufacturing industry and the service sector. The division of work by specialty should be detailed and deepened, the productive and manufacturing enterprises should be encouraged to reform their current business processes, outsourcing should be boosted, core competitiveness should be fortified, the extension from the production and processing lines to self-development, brand name marketing and other service lines should be accelerated, the consumption of resources should be reduced, and the added value of products should be raised. Priority should be given to the transportation industry, the levels of specialty and socialized services of logistics should be escalated, and the third-party logistics should be strongly developed; the information service area should be actively developed, the development of the software business should be accelerated, and the industrialization by way of informationization should be insisted on, to enhance information infrastructures, actively promote the integration of “Three Networks”, develop value-added and Internet businesses, and boost e-commerce and e-administration; the financial service area should be developed in an orderly way, the financial market system should be enhanced, and the innovation of products, services and management should be accelerated; the science and technology service area should be strongly developed, the role of science and technology in underpinning and leading the development of the service sector should be fully displayed, and the development of such specialized service areas as research and development in science and technology, spread of technologies, industrial designing and energy saving should be encouraged; such commercial services as legal consulting, accounting and auditing, engineering consulting, certification and authentication, credit appraisal, advertising, and conference and exhibition should be regulated and developed; the trade and circulation industry should be boosted and reformed, and modern business forms and new types of trade such as chain and franchised operations should be popularized. By the development of the service sector, the best use of both materials and human resources are made, the goods are circulated smoothly, the social transaction costs are reduced, the efficiency in allocation of resources is raised, and the steps toward a path to a new type of industrialization is accelerated.
．．．．．． | | 三、大力优化服务业发展结构
适应新型工业化和居民消费结构升级的新形势，重点发展现代服务业，规范提升传统服务业，充分发挥服务业吸纳就业的作用，优化行业结构，提升技术结构，改善组织结构，全面提高服务业发展水平。
大力发展面向生产的服务业，促进现代制造业与服务业有机融合、互动发展。细化深化专业分工，鼓励生产制造企业改造现有业务流程，推进业务外包，加强核心竞争力，同时加快从生产加工环节向自主研发、品牌营销等服务环节延伸，降低资源消耗，提高产品的附加值。优先发展运输业，提升物流的专业化、社会化服务水平，大力发展第三方物流；积极发展信息服务业，加快发展软件业，坚持以信息化带动工业化，完善信息基础设施，积极推进“三网”融合，发展增值和互联网业务，推进电子商务和电子政务；有序发展金融服务业，健全金融市场体系，加快产品、服务和管理创新；大力发展科技服务业，充分发挥科技对服务业发展的支撑和引领作用，鼓励发展专业化的科技研发、技术推广、工业设计和节能服务业；规范发展法律咨询、会计审计、工程咨询、认证认可、信用评估、广告会展等商务服务业；提升改造商贸流通业，推广连锁经营、特许经营等现代经营方式和新型业态。通过发展服务业实现物尽其用、货畅其流、人尽其才，降低社会交易成本，提高资源配置效率，加快走上新型工业化发展道路。
大力发展面向民生的服务业，积极拓展新型服务领域，不断培育形成服务业新的增长点。围绕城镇化和人口老龄化的要求，大力发展市政公用事业、房地产和物业服务、社区服务、家政服务和社会化养老等服务业。围绕构建和谐社会的要求，大力发展教育、医疗卫生、新闻出版、邮政、电信、广播影视等服务事业，以农村和欠发达地区为重点，加强公共服务体系建设，优化城乡区域服务业结构，逐步实现公共服务的均等化。围绕小康社会建设目标和消费结构转型升级的要求，大力发展旅游、文化、体育和休闲娱乐等服务业，优化服务消费结构，丰富人民群众精神文化生活。服务业是今后我国扩大就业的主要渠道，要着重发展就业容量大的服务业，鼓励其他服务业更多吸纳就业，充分挖掘服务业安置就业的巨大潜力。
大力培育服务业市场主体，优化服务业组织结构。鼓励服务业企业增强自主创新能力，通过技术进步提高整体素质和竞争力，不断进行管理创新、服务创新、产品创新。依托有竞争力的企业，通过兼并、联合、重组、上市等方式，促进规模化、品牌化、网络化经营，形成一批拥有自主知识产权和知名品牌、具有较强竞争力的大型服务企业或企业集团。鼓励和引导非公有制经济发展服务业，积极扶持中小服务企业发展，发挥其在自主创业、吸纳就业等方面的优势。
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