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DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(No.5)
Law on Practicing Doctors of the People's Republic of China has been passed by the third session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on June 26, 1998, and it is promulgated herein. It shall be effective upon May 1, 1999.
Jiang Zemin President of the People's Republic of China
June 26, 1998
LAW ON PRACTICING DOCTORS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the third session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 26, 1998)
| | 中华人民共和国主席令
（第五号）
《中华人民共和国执业医师法》已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三次会议于１９９８年６月２６日通过，现予公布，自１９９９年５月１日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 江泽民
１９９８年６月２６日
中华人民共和国执业医师法
（１９９８年６月２６日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三次会议通过）
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CONTENTS
| | 目录
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CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS
| | 第一章 总则
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CHAPTER TWO EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION
| | 第二章 考试和注册
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CHAPTER THREE PRACTICING RULES
| | 第三章 执业规则
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CHAPTER FOUR ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING
| | 第四章 考核和培训
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CHAPTER FIVE LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
| | 第五章 法律责任
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CHAPTER SIX SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 第六章 附则
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CHAPTER ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS
| | 第一章 总则
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Article 1 This Law is formulated in order to strengthen the building of the contingent of doctors, to raise the professional ethics and competence of doctors, to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of doctors and to protect the health of the people.
| | 第一条 为了加强医师队伍的建设，提高医师的职业道德和业务素质，保障医师的合法权益，保护人民健康，制定本法。
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Article 2 This Law is applicable to the professional medical personnel who have legally obtained the qualifications as practicing doctors or assistant practicing doctors and practice at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare after registration.
The practicing doctors (hereinafter referred to as 'Doctors') in this law include practicing doctors and assistant practicing doctors.
| | 第二条 依法取得执业医师资格或者执业助理医师资格，经注册在医疗、预防、保健机构中执业的专业医务人员，适用本法。
本法所称医师，包括执业医师和执业助理医师。
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Article 3 Doctors shall have sound professional ethics and high levels of competence for medical practice, demonstrate humanitarianism and fulfill the sacred responsibility for preventing and treating diseases, healing the wounded and rescuing the dying and safeguarding the health of people.
The whole society shall respect doctors. Doctors shall fulfill their duties according to law and be protected by law.
| | 第三条 医师应当具备良好的职业道德和医疗执业水平，发扬人道主义精神，履行防病治病、救死扶伤、保护人民健康的神圣职责。
全社会应当尊重医师。医师依法履行职责，受法律保护。
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Article 4 The health administration department under the State Council shall supervise the work of the doctors nationwide.
Health administration departments of local people's governments at and above the county level shall supervise the work of the doctors within their respective regions.
| | 第四条 国务院卫生行政部门主管全国的医师工作。
县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门负责管理本行政区域内的医师工作。
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Article 5 The State shall award doctors who have made contributions to medical treatment, disease prevention and health care.
| | 第五条 国家对在医疗、预防、保健工作中作出贡献的医师，给予奖励。
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Article 6 The assessment and appointment of medical professional and technical titles and posts shall be in accordance with relevant provisions of the state.
| | 第六条 医师的医学专业技术职称和医学专业技术职务的评定、聘任，按照国家有关规定办理。
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Article 7 Doctors may organize and join doctors' associations according to law.
| | 第七条 医师可以依法组织和参加医师协会。
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CHAPTER TWO EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION
| | 第二章 考试和注册
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Article 8 The state shall implement the system of examination of doctors' qualifications. The examination of doctors' qualifications is divided into examination of practicing doctors' qualifications and examination of assistant practicing doctors' qualifications.
The methods for the uniform examination of doctors' qualifications shall be formulated by the health administration department of the State Council. The examination shall be organized and carried out by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level.
| | 第八条 国家实行医师资格考试制度。医师资格考试分为执业医师资格考试和执业助理医师资格考试。
医师资格统一考试的办法，由国务院卫生行政部门制定。医师资格考试由省级以上人民政府卫生行政部门组织实施。
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Article 9 Those who have met either one of the following conditions can take the examination:
| | 第九条 具有下列条件之一的，可以参加执业医师资格考试：
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(1) Have bachelor's degree or higher degrees in medicine from institutions of higher learning and have completed one year's probation under the guidance of practicing doctors at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare.
| | （一）具有高等学校医学专业本科以上学历，在执业医师指导下，在医疗、预防、保健机构中试用期满一年的；
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(2) After obtaining the certificate for assistant practicing doctors and degrees from 3-year colleges, have worked for two years or more with institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or health care; have medical degrees from technical secondary schools and have worked for five or more years at institutions of medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare.
| | （二）取得执业助理医师执业证书后，具有高等学校医学专科学历，在医疗、预防、保健机构中工作满二年的；具有中等专业学校医学专业学历，在医疗、预防、保健机构中工作满五年的。
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Article 10 Those who have medical degrees from 3-year medical colleges or technical secondary schools can take examination of assistant practicing doctors' qualifications after a probation period of one year or more under guidance from practicing doctors with institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or health care.
| | 第十条 具有高等学校医学专科学历或者中等专业学校医学专业学历，在执业医师指导下，在医疗、预防、保健机构中试用期满一年的，可以参加执业助理医师资格考试。
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Article 11 Those who have learned traditional medicine from masters for three years or have acquired special medical skills through many years of practice may take the examination of practicing doctors or the examination of assistant practicing doctors after being assessed and recommended by professional associations of traditional medicine approved by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level or institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare. The contents and methods for the examination shall be separately formulated by the health administration department of the State Council.
| | 第十一条 以师承方式学习传统医学满三年或者经多年实践医术确有专长的，经县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门确定的传统医学专业组织或者医疗、预防、保健机构考核合格并推荐，可以参加执业医师资格或者执业助理医师资格考试。考试的内容和办法由国务院卫生行政部门另行制定。
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Article 12 Those who pass the examination of doctors' qualifications shall get the qualification for practicing doctors or for assistant practicing doctors.
| | 第十二条 医师资格考试成绩合格，取得执业医师资格或者执业助理医师资格。
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Article 13 The state shall implement the system for the registration of practicing doctors.
Those who have obtained doctors' qualification may apply for registration with local health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level.
Except for the circumstances stipulated in Article Fifteen of this law, the health administration departments shall approve the registration and issue the uniform certificate for practicing doctors as printed by the health administration department of the State Council within thirty days after receiving the registration application.
Institutions of medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare may apply for collective registration on behalf of the doctors working for such institutions.
| | 第十三条 国家实行医师执业注册制度。
取得医师资格的，可以向所在地县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门申请注册。
除有本法第十五条规定的情形外，受理申请的卫生行政部门应当自收到申请之日起三十日内准予注册，并发给由国务院卫生行政部门统一印制的医师执业证书。
医疗、预防、保健机构可以为本机构中的医师集体办理注册手续。
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Article 14 After being registered, doctors may practice at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare in accordance within the registered location, category and scope of medical practice and engage in corresponding business of medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare.
Those who have not been registered and obtained the practicing certificate shall not engage in medical practice.
| | 第十四条 医师经注册后，可以在医疗、预防、保健机构中按照注册的执业地点、执业类别、执业范围执业，从事相应的医疗、预防、保健业务。
未经医师注册取得执业证书，不得从事医师执业活动。
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Article 15 Those who fit one of the following circumstances shall not be registered:
| | 第十五条 有下列情形之一的，不予注册：
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(1) Not having full capacity for civil behavior;
| | （一）不具有完全民事行为能力的；
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(2) Having been punished for criminal offences, and the period between the date of completion of the penalty period and the date of application for registration is less than two years;
| | （二）因受刑事处罚，自刑罚执行完毕之日起至申请注册之日止不满二年的；
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(3) Having been put to the administrative punishment of revocation of the certificate of practicing doctors, and the period between the date of the decision of the penalty and the date of application for registration is less than two years;
| | （三）受吊销医师执业证书行政处罚，自处罚决定之日起至申请注册之日止不满二年的；
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(4) Having other circumstances which make it unsuitable to carry out activities of medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare as stipulated by the health administration department of the State Council.
The health administration department receiving the application shall, in writing and within thirty days after receiving the application, notify the applicant who does not meet the requirements for registration and explain the reasons for not approving the registration. Where the applicant wants to challenge the decision, a review may be applied for or the case brought to the people's court according to law within fifteen days after the receipt of the notification.
| | （四）有国务院卫生行政部门规定不宜从事医疗、预防、保健业务的其他情形的。
受理申请的卫生行政部门对不符合条件不予注册的，应当自收到申请之日起三十日内书面通知申请人，并说明理由。申请人有异议的，可以自收到通知之日起十五日内，依法申请复议或者向人民法院提起诉讼。
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Article 16 If a doctor has one of the following circumstances after being registered, the institution for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare shall report, within thirty days, to the health administration department approving the registration, which shall revoke the registration and take back the certificate of practicing doctors:
| | 第十六条 医师注册后有下列情形之一的，其所在的医疗、预防、保健机构应当在三十日内报告准予注册的卫生行政部门，卫生行政部门应当注销注册，收回医师执业证书：
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(1) Deceased or declared missing;
| | （一）死亡或者被宣告失踪的；
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(2) Being penalized for criminal offences;
| | （二）受刑事处罚的；
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(3) Being put to administrative penalty with one's certificate of practicing doctors revoked;
| | （三）受吊销医师执业证书行政处罚的；
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(4) Failing the reassessment after the expiration of the suspension of medical practice according to Article Thirty-one of this law;
| | （四）依照本法第三十一条规定暂停执业活动期满，再次考核仍不合格的；
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(5) Medical practice having been suspended for two full years;
| | （五）中止医师执业活动满二年的；
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(6) Having other circumstances which make it unsuitable to carry out activities of medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare.
If a party whose registration has been revoked wants to challenge the determination, a review may be applied for or the case brought to the people's court according to law within fifteen days after the receipt of the notification.
| | （六）有国务院卫生行政部门规定不宜从事医疗、预防、保健业务的其他情形的。
被注销注册的当事人有异议的，可以自收到注销注册通知之日起十五日内，依法申请复议或者向人民法院提起诉讼。
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Article 17 If a doctor wishes to change registration items such as location, category and scope of the medical practice, procedures for registration changes shall be completed at the health administration department approving the registration in accordance with Article Thirteen of this law.
| | 第十七条 医师变更执业地点、执业类别、执业范围等注册事项的，应当到准予注册的卫生行政部门依照本法第十三条的规定办理变更注册手续。
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Article 18 When an application for restarting medical practice is filed after medical practice has been suspended for over two years and the circumstances stipulated in Article Fifteen of this law disappear, the applicant shall pass the assessment conducted by institutions designated in Article Thirty-one and re-register in accordance with the provisions of Article Thirteen of this law.
| | 第十八条 中止医师执业活动二年以上以及有本法第十五条规定情形消失的，申请重新执业，应当由本法第三十一条规定的机构考核合格，并依照本法第十三条的规定重新注册。
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Article 19 Practicing doctors who apply for private practice shall have completed five years of medical practice at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare after registration and complete the approval procedures according to relevant stipulations of the state; Those who have not been approved shall not engage in private medical practice.
The health administration departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall carry out regular supervision and inspection over doctors engaging in private medical practice in accordance with the stipulations of the health administration department of the State Council. If violation of the stipulations of Article Sixteen have been found, the registration of the violator shall be immediately revoked and the certificate of practicing doctor taken back.
| | 第十九条 申请个体行医的执业医师，须经注册后在医疗、预防、保健机构中执业满五年，并按照国家有关规定办理审批手续；未经批准，不得行医。
县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门对个体行医的医师，应当按照国务院卫生行政部门的规定，经常监督检查，凡发现有本法第十六条规定的情形的，应当及时注销注册，收回医师执业证书。
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Article 20 The health administration departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall publish the name list of doctors with registration applications approved and registration revoked and the health administration departments of the provincial people's governments shall collect the list and report to the health administration department of the State Council for recordation.
| | 第二十条 县级以上地方人民政府卫生行政部门应当将准予注册和注销注册的人员名单予以公告，并由省级人民政府卫生行政部门汇总，报国务院卫生行政部门备案。
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CHAPTER THREE PRACTICING RULES
| | 第三章 执业规则
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Article 21 Doctors have the following rights in practicing activities:
| | 第二十一条 医师在执业活动中享有下列权利：
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(1) to conduct medical diagnosis, disease investigation and medical disposal, issue corresponding medical certificate and choose appropriate plans for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare;
| | （一）在注册的执业范围内，进行医学诊查、疾病调查、医学处置、出具相应的医学证明文件，选择合理的医疗、预防、保健方案；
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(2) to obtain basic conditions for medical equipment appropriate for one's activities in accordance with the standards stipulated by the health administration department of the State Council;
| | （二）按照国务院卫生行政部门规定的标准，获得与本人执业活动相当的医疗设备基本条件；
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(3) to engage in medical research and academic exchange and join professional academic associations;
| | （三）从事医学研究、学术交流，参加专业学术团体；
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(4) to take part in professional training and receive continued medical education;
| | （四）参加专业培训，接受继续医学教育；
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(5) not to have their personal dignity and security violated in the course of medical practice;
| | （五）在执业活动中，人格尊严、人身安全不受侵犯；
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(6) to obtain remuneration and allowances and enjoy welfare treatment stipulated by the state;
| | （六）获取工资报酬和津贴，享受国家规定的福利待遇；
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(7) to raise opinions and suggestions concerning the medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare work of the employer institutions and the work of the health administration departments and participate in the democratic management of the employer institutions according to law.
| | （七）对所在机构的医疗、预防、保健工作和卫生行政部门的工作提出意见和建议，依法参与所在机构的民主管理。
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Article 22 Doctors shall fulfill the following obligations in the practicing activities:
| | 第二十二条 医师在执业活动中履行下列义务：
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(1) to abide by laws, regulations and code for technical operation;
| | （一）遵守法律、法规，遵守技术操作规范；
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(2) to foster the spirit of dedication, follow professional ethics, fulfill the responsibilities as a doctor and serve the patients whole- heartedly;
| | （二）树立敬业精神，遵守职业道德，履行医师职责，尽职尽责为患者服务；
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(3) to care for and respect the patients and preserve the privacy thereof;
| | （三）关心、爱护、尊重患者，保护患者的隐私；
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(4) to work hard for professional proficiency, update one's knowledge and raise professional technical levels;
| | （四）努力钻研业务，更新知识，提高专业技术水平；
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(5) to spread healthcare knowledge and educate the patients on health issues.
| | （五）宣传卫生保健知识，对患者进行健康教育。
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Article 23 When implementing medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare measures and signing relevant medical certificates, doctors shall conduct diagnosis and investigations themselves and timely fill in medical documents according to stipulations, and shall not hide, forge or destroy medical documents and relevant materials.
Doctors shall not issue medical certificates that are not related to their own practicing scope or not in line with the practicing categories.
| | 第二十三条 医师实施医疗、预防、保健措施，签署有关医学证明文件，必须亲自诊查、调查，并按照规定及时填写医学文书，不得隐匿、伪造或者销毁医学文书及有关资料。
医师不得出具与自己执业范围无关或者与执业类别不相符的医学证明文件。
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Article 24 For emergency and critical cases, doctors shall adopt emergency treatment measures and shall not refuse to give emergency treatment.
| | 第二十四条 对急危患者，医师应当采取紧急措施进行诊治；不得拒绝急救处置。
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Article 25 Doctors shall use medicines, sterilizing drugs and medical equipment approved for use by relevant state departments.
Except for proper diagnosis and treatment, doctors shall not use narcotic drugs, toxic drugs for medical use, medicines for mental disease or radioactive medicines.
| | 第二十五条 医师应当使用经国家有关部门批准使用的药品、消毒药剂和医疗器械。
除正当诊断治疗外，不得使用麻醉药品、医疗用毒性药品、精神药品和放射性药品。
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Article 26 Doctors shall tell the patients or their family members the patients' conditions truthfully. However, care shall be taken to avoid adverse impact on the patients.
Doctors shall get the approval from the hospital and the consent of the patient or family members before conducting clinical treatment on an experimental basis.
| | 第二十六条 医师应当如实向患者或者其家属介绍病情，但应注意避免对患者产生不利后果。
医师进行实验性临床医疗，应当经医院批准并征得患者本人或者其家属同意。
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Article 27 Doctors shall not solicit or illegally accept money or articles from patients or seek other illegitimate gains by taking advantage of one's position.
| | 第二十七条 医师不得利用职务之便，索取、非法收受患者财物或者牟取其他不正当利益。
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Article 28 In case of natural disasters, outbreaks of contagious diseases, sudden accidents with heavy casualties and other emergencies that pose a serious threat to people's life and health, doctors shall follow the orders of the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level.
| | 第二十八条 遇有自然灾害、传染病流行、突发重大伤亡事故及其他严重威胁人民生命健康的紧急情况时，医师应当服从县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门的调遣。
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Article 29 In case of a malpractice or when an epidemic situation is found, doctors shall report in a timely manner to the employer institution or the health administration departments in accordance with relevant stipulations.
When a doctor finds that the patient is suspected of being involved in an injury case or dies of abnormal cause, the doctor shall report to relevant departments in accordance with relevant stipulations.
| | 第二十九条 医师发生医疗事故或者发现传染病疫情时，应当按照有关规定及时向所在机构或者卫生行政部门报告。
医师发现患者涉嫌伤害事件或者非正常死亡时，应当按照有关规定向有关部门报告。
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Article 30 Assistant practicing doctors shall practice at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare according to the practicing category and under the guidance of practicing doctors.
Assistant practicing doctors working at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention or healthcare at the township, ethnic township and village levels may independently engage in general medical practice according to the conditions and needs of medical treatment.
| | 第三十条 执业助理医师应当在执业医师的指导下，在医疗、预防、保健机构中按照其执业类别执业。
在乡、民族乡、镇的医疗、预防、保健机构中工作的执业助理医师，可以根据医疗诊治的情况和需要，独立从事一般的执业活动。
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CHAPTER FOUR ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING
| | 第四章 考核和培训
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Article 31 Institutions or organizations entrusted by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall conduct regular assessment of the professional performance, performance and professional ethics of doctors in accordance with standards for practicing doctors.
The assessment institutions shall report the results of the assessment of doctors to the health administration departments approving the registration.
The health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall order doctors who fail the assessments to suspend the practicing activities for a period of three to six months and receive training and continued medical education. Reassessment shall be carried out upon the expiration of the suspension of practicing activities. Those who pass the reassessment shall be allowed to continue practicing; those who fail shall have their registration revoked and their certificate of practicing doctors taken back by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level.
| | 第三十一条 受县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门委托的机构或者组织应当按照医师执业标准，对医师的业务水平、工作成绩和职业道德状况进行定期考核。
对医师的考核结果，考核机构应当报告准予注册的卫生行政部门备案。
对考核不合格的医师，县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门可以责令其暂停执业活动三个月至六个月，并接受培训和继续医学教育。暂停执业活动期满，再次进行考核，对考核合格的，允许其继续执业；对考核不合格的，由县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门注销注册，收回医师执业证书。
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Article 32 The health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for guiding, inspecting and supervising the assessments of doctors.
| | 第三十二条 县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门负责指导、检查和监督医师考核工作。
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Article 33 The health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall give commendation to and award doctors with one of the following circumstances:
| | 第三十三条 医师有下列情形之一的，县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门应当给予表彰或者奖励：
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(1) Demonstrating high professional ethics with outstanding deeds in the course of medical practice;
| | （一）在执业活动中，医德高尚，事迹突出的；
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(2) Making major technical breakthroughs and contributions to medical science;
| | （二）对医学专业技术有重大突破，作出显著贡献的；
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(3) Having outstanding performance in healing the wounded and rescuing the dying and giving emergency treatment during times of natural disasters, outbreaks of infectious diseases, sudden accidents with major casualties and other emergencies which pose a serious threat to people's life and health;
| | （三）遇有自然灾害、传染病流行、突发重大伤亡事故及其他严重威胁人民生命健康的紧急情况时，救死扶伤、抢救诊疗表现突出的；
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(4) Having worked hard for a long time at grass-roots units with difficult conditions in remote, poverty areas or ethnic minority areas;
| | （四）长期在边远贫困地区、少数民族地区条件艰苦的基层单位努力工作的；
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(5) Other circumstances for which commendation and awards shall be given in accordance with the stipulations of the health administration departments of the State Council.
| | （五）国务院卫生行政部门规定应当予以表彰或者奖励的其他情形的。
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Article 34 The health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall formulate training plans and conduct various forms of training for doctors and provide conditions for doctors to receive continued medical education.
The health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall take effective measures to conduct training for medical personnel engaged in medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare activities in rural and ethnic minority areas.
| | 第三十四条 县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门应当制定医师培训计划，对医师进行多种形式的培训，为医师接受继续医学教育提供条件。
县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门应当采取有力措施，对在农村和少数民族地区从事医疗、预防、保健业务的医务人员实施培训。
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Article 35 Institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare shall ensure training and continued medical education for doctors working for the institutions.
Medical and healthcare institutions entrusted with the task of conducting doctors' assessment by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall provide and create conditions for the training and continued medical education of doctors.
| | 第三十五条 医疗、预防、保健机构应当按照规定和计划保证本机构医师的培训和继续医学教育。
县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门委托的承担医师考核任务的医疗卫生机构，应当为医师的培训和接受继续医学教育提供和创造条件。
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CHAPTER FIVE LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
| | 第五章 法律责任
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Article 36 Certificate of practicing doctor which is obtained through improper means shall be revoked by the health administration departments issuing the certificate; Administrative penalties shall be given to personnel in charge and other personnel who bear immediate responsibilities according to law.
| | 第三十六条 以不正当手段取得医师执业证书的，由发给证书的卫生行政部门予以吊销；对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分。
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Article 37 Doctors violating this law and having one of the following behaviors during the course of medical practice shall be warned or have their medical practice suspended for a period between six months and one year by the health administration departments of the peoiple's governments at or above the county level; Their practicing certificates shall be revoked for cases with serious circumstances; Their criminal liabilities shall be investigated and prosecuted according to law in case of criminal offenses:
| | 第三十七条 医师在执业活动中，违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，由县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门给予警告或者责令暂停六个月以上一年以下执业活动；情节严重的，吊销其执业证书；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
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(1) violating sanitary administrative rule or technical operation code, which results in serious consequences;
| | （一）违反卫生行政规章制度或者技术操作规范，造成严重后果的；
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(2) causing delays in the rescue and treatment of patients in emergency and critical conditions due to negligence, which results in serious consequences;
| | （二）由于不负责任延误急危患者的抢救和诊治，造成严重后果的；
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(3) causing malpractice;
| | （三）造成医疗责任事故的；
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(4) signing certificates of diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology, or certificates for birth or death without conducting diagnosis and investigation by themselves;
| | （四）未经亲自诊查、调查，签署诊断、治疗、流行病学等证明文件或者有关出生、死亡等证明文件的；
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(5) hiding, forging or destroying medical documents and relevant materials;
| | （五）隐匿、伪造或者擅自销毁医学文书及有关资料的；
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(6) using medicines, sterilizing drugs and medical equipment that have not been approved for use;
| | （六）使用未经批准使用的药品、消毒药剂和医疗器械的；
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(7) failing to use narcotic drugs, toxic medicines for medical use, medicines for mental disorder and radioactive medicines in accordance with the rules;
| | （七）不按照规定使用麻醉药品、医疗用毒性药品、精神药品和放射性药品的；
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(8) conducting experimental clinic treatment on patient without the consent of the patient or the family thereof;
| | （八）未经患者或者其家属同意，对患者进行实验性临床医疗的；
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(9) divulging the privacy of patient and causing serious consequences;
| | （九）泄露患者隐私，造成严重后果的；
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(10) soliciting and illegally accepting money or articles from the patients or seeking illegitimate gains by making use of one's position;
| | （十）利用职务之便，索取、非法收受患者财物或者牟取其他不正当利益的；
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(11) failing to follow the orders of the health administration departments during times of natural disasters, outbreaks of infectious diseases, sudden accidents with heavy casualties and other emergencies which pose a serious threat to people's life and health;
| | （十一）发生自然灾害、传染病流行、突发重大伤亡事故以及其他严重威胁人民生命健康的紧急情况时，不服从卫生行政部门调遣的；
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(12) failing to report according to the regulations in case of malpractice, or when an epidemic situation is found, or when a patient is suspected of being involved in an injury case or dies of abnormal cause.
| | （十二）发生医疗事故或者发现传染病疫情，患者涉嫌伤害事件或者非正常死亡，不按照规定报告的。
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Article 38 Malpractice by doctors in the work of medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare shall be handled according to law or relevant regulations of the state.
| | 第三十八条 医师在医疗、预防、保健工作中造成事故的，依照法律或者国家有关规定处理。
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Article 39 Institutions for medical treatment established without approval or medical practice by non-practicing doctors shall be banned by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level with the illegal income, medicines and equipment confiscated and with a fine of less than 100,000 RMB yuan; Practicing doctors shall have their practicing certificates revoked; Liabilities for compensation shall be born by the doctors who have caused injuries to the patients; Criminal liabilities shall be investigated and prosecuted according to law in case of criminal offenses.
| | 第三十九条 未经批准擅自开办医疗机构行医或者非医师行医的，由县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门予以取缔，没收其违法所得及其药品、器械，并处十万元以下的罚款；对医师吊销其执业证书；给患者造成损害的，依法承担赔偿责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 40 Those who obstruct medical practice by doctors according to law, insult, slander, threat or beat up doctors or violate the personal freedom, interfere with the normal work and life of doctors shall be punished in accordance with the Regulations on Security Administration and Punishment; Criminal liabilities shall be prosecuted according to law in case of criminal offenses.
| | 第四十条 阻碍医师依法执业，侮辱、诽谤、威胁、殴打医师或者侵犯医师人身自由、干扰医师正常工作、生活的，依照治安管理处罚条例的规定处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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Article 41 Institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare that do not fulfill their reporting obligations in accordance with Article Sixteen of this law and cause serious consequences shall be warned by the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level; Administration penalties shall be given to persons responsible for the management of such institutions.
| | 第四十一条 医疗、预防、保健机构未依照本法第十六条的规定履行报告职责，导致严重后果的，由县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门给予警告；并对该机构的行政负责人依法给予行政处分。
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Article 42 For staff members of the health administration departments or institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare who violate relevant provisions of this law by engaging in fraudulent activities, neglecting one's duties, abusing one's power or engaging in malpractice for selfish ends, administrative penalties shall be meted out if a crime is not constituted and legal liabilities shall be investigated and prosecuted in case of criminal offenses.
| | 第四十二条 卫生行政部门工作人员或者医疗、预防、保健机构工作人员违反本法有关规定，弄虚作假、玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊，尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
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CHAPTER SIX SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
| | 第六章 附则
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Article 43 Medical personnel who have obtained professional technical titles and posts in accordance with relevant state regulations before the promulgation of this law shall be reported by the employer institutions to the health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level for confirmation so as to obtain the according qualifications for doctors. In particular, medical personnel engaging in medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare activities at institutions for medical treatment, disease prevention and healthcare shall be collectively reported by their employer institutions to health administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level for registration and the issuance of certificate of practicing doctor in accordance with requirements stipulated in this law. Detailed methods shall be formulated by the health administration department of the State Council together with the personnel administration department of the State Council.
| | 第四十三条 本法颁布之日前按照国家有关规定取得医学专业技术职称和医学专业技术职务的人员，由所在机构报请县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门认定，取得相应的医师资格。其中在医疗、预防、保健机构中从事医疗、预防、保健业务的医务人员，依照本法规定的条件，由所在机构集体核报县级以上人民政府卫生行政部门，予以注册并发给医师执业证书。具体办法由国务院卫生行政部门会同国务院人事行政部门制定。
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Article 44 This law shall be applicable to doctors working at institutions of technical service for family planning.
| | 第四十四条 计划生育技术服务机构中的医师，适用本法。
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Article 45 Rural doctors working at rural medical and healthcare institutions to provide disease prevention, healthcare and general medical services to the villagers may obtain qualifications for practicing doctors or assistant practicing doctors according to law when relevant requirements are met; For rural doctors without qualifications for practicing doctors or assistant practicing doctors stipulated in this law, the Stated Council shall formulate administration methods separately.
| | 第四十五条 在乡村医疗卫生机构中向村民提供预防、保健和一般医疗服务的乡村医生，符合本法有关规定的，可以依法取得执业医师资格或者执业助理医师资格；不具备本法规定的执业医师资格或者执业助理医师资格的乡村医生，由国务院另行制定管理办法。
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Article 46 The implementing rules for the application of this law to army doctors shall be formulated by the State Council and the Central Military Commission of the PRC in accordance with the principles of this law.
| | 第四十六条 军队医师执行本法的实施办法，由国务院、中央军事委员会依据本法的原则制定。
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Article 47 Applications filed by overseas personnel in the Chinese territory for doctors' examination, registration and practice or engagement in clinical teaching and research activities shall be handled in accordance with relevant State regulations.
| | 第四十七条 境外人员在中国境内申请医师考试、注册、执业或者从事临床示教、临床研究等活动的，按照国家有关规定办理。
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| Article 48 This law shall be implemented as from May 1, 1999. | | 第四十八条 本法自１９９９年５月１日起施行。
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